Rig Veda 7.91.2: Mandala 7, Sukta 91, Mantra 2
Sukta 7.91
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha
Devata: Indra–Vāyu
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उशन्ता दूता न दभाय गोपा मासश्च पाथः शरदश्च पूर्वीः । इन्द्रवायू सुष्टुतिर्वामियाना मार्डीकमीट्टे सुवितं च नव्यम् ॥
Transliteration
uśántā dūtā́ ná dábhāya gopā́ mā́sāś ca pā́thaḥ śarádaś ca pūrvī́ḥ | índravāyū suṣṭutír vām iyānā́ mārḍīkám ī́ṭṭe suvitáṃ ca návyam ||
Translation
他们渴望着，如使者；守护着，不致失误；穿行于诸月、诸途径，以及许多往昔的季节。因陀罗—伐由啊，向你们而来的善构赞歌，祈求你们的慈惠（mṛḍīka），并祈求新的善导之路——旅程的新开端。
Word by Word
उशन्ताthe two desirous/ardent ones
उशन्ता:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण इन्द्रवायू-कर्तृयोः)
TypeAdjective (participle)
Rootउश् (इच्छायाम्) / उशन्त् (प्रातिपदिक)
दूतौtwo messengers
दूतौ:
Kartā (उशन्ता इत्यस्य विशेष्यौ)
TypeNoun
Rootदूत (प्रातिपदिक)
न
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
like/as
:
—
दभायto/for Dabhā (as a model; ‘to the un-deceivable one’/‘Dabhā’)
दभाय:
Sampradāna (उपमान-निर्देशः: ‘दभाय’ इव/प्रति)
TypeNoun (proper/epithet)
Rootदभ (हिंसायाम्/द्रोहे) → दभ (प्रातिपदिक) / दभा- (वैदिक)
गोपाःcowherds/guardians
गोपाः:
Kartā (उपमान-सम्बन्धे: ‘गोपाः’ इव)
TypeNoun
Rootगोपा (गो + पा ‘पालने’) (प्रातिपदिक)
मासाःmonths
मासाः:
Kartā (समुच्चित-उपमान-समूहः)
TypeNoun
Rootमास (प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
पाथःpath/way
पाथः:
Kartā/Adhikaraṇa (उपमान-सम्बन्धे: ‘पाथः’ इव; ‘मार्ग/पथ’)
TypeNoun
Rootपाथस् (प्रातिपदिक)
शरदःautumns/seasons
शरदः:
Kartā (समुच्चित-उपमान-समूहः)
TypeNoun
Rootशरद् (प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
पूर्वीःformer/earlier, many of old
पूर्वीः:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रवायूIndra and Vāyu
इन्द्रवायू:
Kartā (स्तुति-सम्बन्धे; स्तुत्यौ देवौ)
TypeNoun (dual deity)
Rootइन्द्र + वायु (द्वन्द्व-समास, प्रातिपदिक)
सुष्टुतिःgood praise/hymn
सुष्टुतिः:
Kartā (इट्टे इत्यस्य कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसु- + स्तुति (√स्तु ‘स्तुतौ’) (प्रातिपदिक)
वाम्of you two / to you two
वाम्:
Sampradāna/Adhikaraṇa (स्तुतिः ‘वाम्’—युवयोः प्रति/युवयोः)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
इयानाgoing/approaching
इयाना:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Root√इ (गत्यर्थे) → इयान (कृदन्त, क्त/शानच्-प्राय)
माडीकेम्mercy, gracious favor
माडीकेम्:
Karma (इट्टे इत्यस्य कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमाडीका/माडीके (प्रातिपदिक; ‘मृड्/मृडिक’ भावः—अनुग्रह/कृपा)
इट्टेseeks/worships, asks for
इट्टे:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√यज् (इष्टौ/यागे) → इट्टे (वैदिक मध्यम/आत्मनेपद-रूप; √यज् ‘to worship/seek’)
सुवितम्good guidance/prosperity
सुवितम्:
Karma (इट्टे इत्यस्य कर्म; माडीकेम् सह)
TypeNoun
Rootसु- + वित (√विद्/√वि ‘to find, to obtain’; ‘सुवित’ = good course/fortune) (प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
नव्यम्new, fresh
नव्यम्:
Karma (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootनव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
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