Rig Veda 5.49.4: Mandala 5, Sukta 49, Mantra 4
Sukta 5.49
Devata: Savitṛ; rivers (Sindhavaḥ) as supporting powers; Hotṛ role foregrounded
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तन्नो अनर्वा सविता वरूथं तत्सिन्धव इषयन्तो अनु ग्मन् । उप यद्वोचे अध्वरस्य होता रायः स्याम पतयो वाजरत्नाः ॥
Transliteration
tán no anarvā́ savitā́ varū́thaṃ tát síndhava iṣáyanto ánu gman | úpa yád vóce adhvarásya hótā rāyáḥ syāma pátayo vā́jaratnāḥ ||
Translation
愿那无谬的萨维特里（Savitṛ）为我们成为护佑的庇护；愿诸河流以其冲迫的意欲相随其后而行。于祭仪之中，当我——祭祀的呼唤者霍特里（hotṛ）——近前宣言之时，愿我们成为丰盈之光与力之珍宝（vājá-ratna）的主宰。
Word by Word
तत्that (boon/aid)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नःof us / for us
नः:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
अनर्वाthe faultless one
अनर्वा:
Kartā
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअनर्वन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दोषरहित/अविकृत/अप्रमत्त’)
सविताSavitṛ (the Impeller/Sun)
सविता:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
वरूथम्protection, shelter
वरूथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवरूथ (प्रातिपदिक)
तत्that (same protection)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सिन्धवःthe rivers / Sindhus
सिन्धवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसिन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)
इषयन्तःimpelling, urging on
इषयन्तः:
Kartā
TypeParticiple
Rootइष् (धातु) → इषय (प्रयोजक-प्रातिपदिक) / इषयन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
अनुalong, after
अनु:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
ग्मन्may they go / let them go
ग्मन्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
उपnear, towards
उप:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
यत्what/that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
वोचेI have spoken / I speak
वोचे:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
अध्वरस्यof the sacrifice (adhvara)
अध्वरस्य:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
होताthe Hotṛ-priest
होता:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ (प्रातिपदिक)
रायःof wealth
रायः:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootराय्/रायि (प्रातिपदिक ‘wealth’)
स्यामmay we be
स्याम:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
पतयःlords, masters
पतयः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक)
वाजरत्नाःhaving prize-and-treasure; rich in booty and jewels
वाजरत्नाः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootवाज-रत्न (समास-प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-भाव: ‘whose treasure is prize/strength’)
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