Rig Veda 4.39.6: Mandala 4, Sukta 39, Mantra 6
Sukta 4.39
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Dadhikrāvan
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh-like cadence is possible here, but RV 4.39 overall is largely triṣṭubh; meter uncertain without full syllable count
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
दधिक्राव्णो अकारिषं जिष्णोरश्वस्य वाजिनः । सुरभि नो मुखा करत्प्र ण आयूंषि तारिषत् ॥
Transliteration
dadhikrā́vṇo akāriṣaṃ jiṣṇór aśvásya vā́jinaḥ | surabhí no múkhā karat prá ṇa āyū́ṃṣi tāriṣat ||
Translation
我已为达提克拉梵（Dadhikrāvan）——那得胜的骏马、丰饶之驰者——作成此颂。愿他使我们的前方（面向、先导之识）芬芳而光明；愿他引领我们的生命之力，越过诸般限界的渡口。
Word by Word
दधिक्राव्णःof Dadhikrāvan
दधिक्राव्णः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun (proper name)
Rootदधिक्रावन्- (प्रातिपदिक; अश्वदेवता/दधिक्रावन्)
अकारिषम्I have made / I have performed
अकारिषम्:
कर्तृ (speaker ‘I’)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (√कृ ‘to make/do’)
जिष्णोःof the victorious one
जिष्णोः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootजिष्णु- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘victorious’)
अश्वस्यof the horse
अश्वस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व-
वाजिनःof the racer / prize-winner
वाजिनः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootवाजिन्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘prize-winning, swift’)
सुरभिfragrant, sweet-smelling
सुरभि:
कर्मप्रवचनीय-सम्बन्ध / विधेयविशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootसुरभि-
नःfor us / our
नः:
सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (for us / our)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (enclitic pronoun)
मुखात्from (his/your) mouth
मुखात्:
अपादान (source: ‘from the mouth’)
TypeNoun
Rootमुख-
करत्let him make / may he make
करत्:
कर्तृ (he = Dadhikrāvan)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (√कृ ‘to make/do’)
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
क्रियाविशेषण (preverbial intensifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/निपात)
नःfor us / our
नः:
सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (enclitic pronoun)
आयूंषिlifetimes, vital powers
आयूंषि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस्-
तारिषत्may he carry through / may he help (us) cross
तारिषत्:
कर्तृ (he)
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ (√तॄ ‘to cross over, carry through’)
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