Rig Veda 4.2.16: Mandala 4, Sukta 2, Mantra 16
Sukta 4.2
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Tr̥ṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अधा यथा नः पितरः परासः प्रत्नासो अग्न ऋतमाशुषाणाः । शुचीदयन्दीधितिमुक्थशासः क्षामा भिन्दन्तो अरुणीरप व्रन् ॥
Transliteration
adhā́ yáthā naḥ pitáraḥ párāsaḥ pratnā́so agne ṛtám āśuṣāṇā́ḥ | śucī́d ayan dī́dhitim uktha-śā́saḥ kṣā́mā bhindánto aruṇī́r ápa vran ||
Translation
于是，如我们古老的父祖——那些远古之人——渴慕ṛta而疾行那般；阿耆尼啊，也愿如此：他们清净，宣说颂词，点燃炽焰；劈开大地，揭出赤红的光辉，使之脱离束缚而散放。
Word by Word
अधाthen, thereafter
अधा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअध
यथाas, just as
यथा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
नःof us, our
नः:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
पितरःthe fathers, forefathers
पितरः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
परासःformer, earlier
परासः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootपर (प्रातिपदिक) / परा
प्रत्नासःancient, of old
प्रत्नासः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रत्न
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
ऋतम्the ṛta (truth/cosmic order)
ऋतम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootऋत
आशुषाणाःhastening, eager
आशुषाणाः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeParticiple
Rootआ-शु (धातु: शु/श्वि ‘to hasten’)
शुचीदयन्they made (it) shine / they illumined
शुचीदयन्:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Rootशुचि + दय (धातु: दय् ‘to shine/illumine’ in Vedic usage) अथवा ‘to make bright’
दीधितिम्brightness, flaming radiance
दीधितिम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootदीधिति (from √धा/√धि with intens./noun ‘brightness, flame, thought’)
उक्थशासःreciters/chanters of hymns
उक्थशासः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootउक्थ + शास (शास ‘praise/recitation’)
क्षामाःthe earths/grounds (lands)
क्षामाः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootक्षामा
भिन्दन्तःsplitting, cleaving
भिन्दन्तः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeParticiple
Rootभिद्
अरुणीःthe ruddy (dawns/cows), the red ones
अरुणीः:
कर्म
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअरुणी
अपaway, off
अप:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb) / particle
Rootअप
व्रन्they drove away / they turned aside
व्रन्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (धातु: वृ ‘to cover/ward off’ → ‘to drive/turn away’ in Vedic) अथवा √व्र (rare) ; here as finite verb
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