Rig Veda 3.4.5: Mandala 3, Sukta 4, Mantra 5
Sukta 3.4
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional)
Devata: Agni and the ritual powers (hotrāṇi) as functional divinities of the sacrifice
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सप्त होत्राणि मनसा वृणाना इन्वन्तो विश्वं प्रति यन्नृतेन । नृपेशसो विदथेषु प्र जाता अभीमं यज्ञं वि चरन्त पूर्वीः ॥
Transliteration
saptá hotrā́ṇi mánasā vṛṇānā́ invánto víśvaṃ práti yánn ṛténa | nṛ-péśaso vidáthēṣu prá jātā́ abhī́mám yajñáṃ ví caranta pūrvī́ḥ ||
Translation
七重祭司之力（hotrāṇi），以心意拣择，循着ṛta（宇宙正序、真理之律）而行，驱策万有趋向真实。作为人之主宰者（nṛpeśasaḥ），在诸集会（vidatha）中诞生，他们以多般方式环行此祭，古老而先行。
Word by Word
सप्तseven
सप्त:
विशेषण (कर्म-सम्बन्धे)
TypeAdjective/Numeral
Rootसप्त (प्रातिपदिक)
होत्राणिoffices/roles of the Hotṛ-priests; priestly functions
होत्राणि:
कर्म (वृणाना इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootहोत्र (प्रातिपदिक; √हु ‘यज्/आह्वान’ से)
मनसाwith the mind; mentally
मनसा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootमनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
वृणानाchoosing; selecting
वृणाना:
कर्तृ (स्वयं कर्ता-समूह)
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√वृ (वृणोति ‘चुनना/वरण करना’)
इन्वन्तःimpelling; setting in motion
इन्वन्तः:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√इन्/ईन् (इन्वति ‘प्रेरयति/चलयति’)
विश्वम्all; the whole (world/totality)
विश्वम्:
कर्म (इन्वन्तः इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रतिtowards; in response to
प्रति:
दिशा/सम्बन्ध (गत्यर्थे)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति
यन्goes; proceeds
यन्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√या (याति ‘गच्छति’)
ऋतेनby ṛta (cosmic order/truth); with right order
ऋतेन:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
नृपेशसःhaving manly form/beauty; man-shaped (beings)
नृपेशसः:
कर्तृ (चरन्त इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootनृ-पेशस् (समास; नृ ‘पुरुष’ + पेशस् ‘रूप/आकृति/शोभा’)
विदथेषुin the assemblies; at the ritual gatherings
विदथेषु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootविदथ (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रforth; forward
प्र:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootप्र
जाताःborn; arisen
जाताः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√जन् (जायते ‘उत्पद्यते’)
अभीमम्mighty; formidable
अभीमम्:
विशेषण (कर्म-सम्बन्धे)
TypeAdjective
Rootअभीम (प्रातिपदिक; ‘भयङ्कर/प्रबल’ अर्थे)
यज्ञम्sacrifice; ritual
यज्ञम्:
कर्म (चरन्त इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक; √यज्)
विapart; widely; in various ways
वि:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootवि
चरन्तthey move about; they perform
चरन्त:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√चर् (चरति ‘चलति/आचरति’)
पूर्वीःthe former (ways/paths); earlier (ones)
पूर्वीः:
कर्म/अधिकरण (व्याप्ति-अर्थे; ‘पूर्ववत्/पूर्वेषु’ भाव)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
Not sure where to start?
A free sign-in with Google or Apple keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.