Rig Veda 2.38.8: Mandala 2, Sukta 38, Mantra 8
Sukta 2.38
Rishi: Gṛtsamada
Devata: Savitṛ (with Varuṇa and Mārtāṇḍa imagery integrated)
Chandas: Trishtubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
याद्राध्यं वरुणो योनिमप्यमनिशितं निमिषि जर्भुराणः । विश्वो मार्ताण्डो व्रजमा पशुर्गात्स्थशो जन्मानि सविता व्याकः ॥
Transliteration
yāt-rā́dhyaṃ váruṇo yónim ápyam áni-śitaṃ ni-míṣi járbhurāṇaḥ | víśvo mārtā́ṇḍo vrajáṃ ā́ paśúr gāt stha-śáḥ jánmāni savitā́ vy ā́kaḥ ||
Translation
那在水中隐秘的胎藏，伐楼那（Varuṇa）已使之备妥——在一瞬的眨动中亦不失误，恒常运作不息：普遍的玛尔塔ṇḍa（Mārtāṇḍa），太阳如同群畜，已入栏归圈。萨维特ṛ分判并显明诸生类，使其各安其位。
Word by Word
याद्राध्यम्the (thing) to be accomplished/propitiated; the desired (goal)
याद्राध्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootयाद्राध्य- (प्रातिपदिक; यद् + राध्य ‘पूज्य/साध्य’)
वरुणःVaruṇa
वरुणः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवरुण- (प्रातिपदिक)
योनिम्womb; seat; abode
योनिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोनि- (प्रातिपदिक)
अपिalso; even; unto
अपि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
अमनीशितम्unthought-of; not devised
अमनीशितम्:
Karma (qualifier of योनिम्/याद्राध्यम्)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootअ- + मनीषित- (कृदन्त; √मन्/मनीष् ‘to think, devise’ → मनीषित ‘thought, devised’)
निमिषिin a wink; in an instant
निमिषि:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootनिमिष्- (प्रातिपदिक; from √मिष् ‘to wink, blink’ with नि-)
जर्भुराणःhastening; moving swiftly
जर्भुराणः:
Kartā (qualifier of वरुणः)
TypeVerb-participle
Root√जर्भुर्/जर्भ् (धातु; intensive/frequentative sense ‘to hasten, bustle, be in rapid motion’)
विश्वःall; entire
विश्वः:
Kartā (qualifier of मार्ताण्डः)
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व- (प्रातिपदिक)
मार्ताण्डःMārtāṇḍa (the Sun)
मार्ताण्डः:
Kartā
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootमार्ताण्ड- (प्रातिपदिक)
व्रजम्enclosure; pen; fold
व्रजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्रज- (प्रातिपदिक)
आtowards; into
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
पशुःthe beast; the animal (as subject)
पशुः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootपशु- (प्रातिपदिक)
गात्went; came
गात्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√गा (धातु ‘to go’)
स्थशःone by one; in due order
स्थशः:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्थशस् (अव्यय; distributive/adverbial)
जन्मानिbirths; generations
जन्मानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजन्मन्- (प्रातिपदिक)
सविताSavitar (the Impeller)
सविता:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसवितृ- (प्रातिपदिक)
व्याकःhas spread out/arranged; has distributed
व्याकः:
—
TypeVerb
Root√अञ्च्/अक् with वि- (धातु; Vedic form; sense ‘to pervade/extend/arrange, distribute’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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