Rig Veda 2.24.5: Mandala 2, Sukta 24, Mantra 5
Sukta 2.24
Rishi: Gṛtsamada
Devata: Brahmaṇaspati
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सना ता का चिद्भुवना भवीत्वा माद्भिः शरद्भिर्दुरो वरन्त वः । अयतन्ता चरतो अन्यदन्यदिद्या चकार वयुना ब्रह्मणस्पतिः ॥
Transliteration
sanā́ tā́ kā́ cid bhúvanā bhávītvā mā́dbhiḥ śarádbhir dúro varanta vaḥ | áyatantā carato anyád anyád íd yā́ cakā́ra vayúnā bráhmaṇas pátiḥ ||
Translation
自太古以来，诸世界既成其有；经由岁时，你们之前的门扉被紧闭。各各循其道而行、往来多端之际，婆罗门之主（Brahmaṇaspati）作出正当的辨别，安置诸行的法则与次第。
Word by Word
सनाfrom of old, ever
सना:
Adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसना (avyaya-prātipadika)
ताःthose (fem. pl.)
ताः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
काsome (one)
का:
Kartā (within relative/indef. clause)
TypePronoun
Rootक (interrog./indef. pronoun)
चित्indeed, even
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (particle)
भुवनानिworlds, beings/realms
भुवनानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभुवन (prātipadika < √भू)
भवीत्वाhaving become
भवीत्वा:
— (क्रियाविशेषण; पूर्वकर्म)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (भवति) → भवीत्वा
मात्from me / of me
मात्:
Apādāna/Relation (source/‘from me’)
TypePronoun
Rootमा (1st pers. pronoun stem)
भिःindeed; (enclitic emphasis)
भिः:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभि (enclitic particle, Vedic)
शरद्भिःwith/through the autumns; by years
शरद्भिः:
Karaṇa (काल-पर्यायेन साधनम्) / Adhikaraṇa (काल)
TypeNoun
Rootशरद् (prātipadika)
दुरःdoors, gates
दुरः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्/द्वार् (prātipadika; RV ‘दुरः’ = ‘द्वाराणि’)
वरन्तthey choose / they ward off
वरन्त:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√वृ (वृणोति/वृणुते) ‘to choose, to ward/cover’
वःfor you / of you
वः:
Sampradāna/Relation
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (2nd pers. pronoun)
अयतन्तthey strove, exerted themselves
अयतन्त:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√यत् (यतते) ‘to strive, exert’
चरतोthe two moving ones; going about
चरतो:
Kartā (participial)
TypeVerb
Root√चर् (चरति)
अन्यत्one (thing), another
अन्यत्:
Karma/Predicate
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य (prātipadika)
अन्यत्another (thing)
अन्यत्:
Karma/Predicate
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य (prātipadika)
इद्just, indeed
इद्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइद् (particle)
याwhich
या:
Kartā (relative clause)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (relative pronoun)
चकारhas done, made
चकार:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (करोति)
वयुनाdevices, ordinances, wise arrangements
वयुना:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवयुन (prātipadika)
ब्रह्मणस्पतिःBrahmaṇaspati (Lord of sacred utterance/prayer)
ब्रह्मणस्पतिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun (deity name)
Rootब्रह्मन् + पति (tatpuruṣa)
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