Rig Veda 2.16.1: Mandala 2, Sukta 16, Mantra 1
Sukta 2.16
Rishi: Gṛtsamada Bhārgava (RV 2.16)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify with Anukramaṇī)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
प्र वः सतां ज्येष्ठतमाय सुष्टुतिमग्नाविव समिधाने हविर्भरे । इन्द्रमजुर्यं जरयन्तमुक्षितं सनाद्युवानमवसे हवामहे ॥
Transliteration
prá vaḥ satā́ṃ jyéṣṭhatamāya suṣṭutím agnā́v iva samidhāné havírbhare | índram ajúryaṃ járayantam ukṣitáṃ sanā́d yúvānam aváse havāmahe ||
Translation
我为你奉上这善妙的赞歌，如同把供物奉至已燃的圣火阿耆尼（Agni）前；献给真实者中最年长的因陀罗（Indra）。因陀罗——不朽不坏、常新复生、充溢雄力，古而常青——我们为求护佑与援助而呼唤。
Word by Word
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (upasarga)
वःof you / your
वः:
सम्प्रदान (beneficiary/possessor)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
सताम्of the good/true ones
सताम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitival relation)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसत् (प्रा. √अस् ‘to be’)
ज्येष्ठतमायto the most eminent/eldest
ज्येष्ठतमाय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठतम (superl. of ज्येष्ठ)
सुष्टुतिम्well-formed praise (hymn)
सुष्टुतिम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootसु-ष्टुति (from √स्तु ‘to praise’)
अग्नौin/at Agni
अग्नौ:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
समिधानेwhen kindled / in the kindling
समिधाने:
अधिकरण
TypeParticiple/Adjective
Rootसमि-धा (kṛdanta from √धा ‘to place’, with सम्) / समिध् ‘kindling’ (ritual term)
हविर्भरेat the bringing/oblation-bearing (rite)
हविर्भरे:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootहविर्भर (havis + √भृ ‘to bear/bring’)
इन्द्रम्Indra
इन्द्रम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र
अजुर्यम्unaging, undecaying
अजुर्यम्:
विशेषण (of कर्म: इन्द्रम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootअजुर्य (a- + जुर्य, from √जॄ/जुर् ‘to grow old, decay’)
जरयन्तम्wearing down (the enemy), making (them) wither
जरयन्तम्:
विशेषण (of कर्म: इन्द्रम्)
TypeParticiple
Rootजरयन्त् (causative present participle from √जॄ/जर् ‘to make old/consume’; Vedic: ‘wearing down (foes)’)
उक्षितम्strengthened/anointed
उक्षितम्:
विशेषण (of कर्म: इन्द्रम्)
TypeParticiple
Rootउक्षित (PPP from √वक्ष्/उक्ष् ‘to sprinkle, anoint; to strengthen’)
सनात्from of old, since ancient times
सनात्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसनात्
युवानम्young, youthful
युवानम्:
विशेषण (of कर्म: इन्द्रम्)
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootयुवान्
अवसेfor help, for protection
अवसे:
सम्प्रदान (purpose/benefit)
TypeNoun
Rootअवस् (from √अव ‘to help/protect’)
हवामहेwe invoke/call
हवामहे:
क्रिया (main verb)
TypeVerb
Root√ह्वा (Vedic: √ह्वे) ‘to call, invoke’
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