Rig Veda 1.178.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 178, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.178
Rishi: Agastya (traditional attribution for RV 1.178)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable/standard for this section; requires confirmation against a pada-count scan)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
एवा नृभिरिन्द्रः सुश्रवस्या प्रखादः पृक्षो अभि मित्रिणो भूत् । समर्य इषः स्तवते विवाचि सत्राकरो यजमानस्य शंसः ॥
Transliteration
evā nṛ́bhir índraḥ suśravasyā́ prakhā́daḥ pṛ́kṣo abhí mitríṇo bhūt | samaryé íṣaḥ stavate vívāci satrā́karo yajamānasya śáṃsaḥ ||
Translation
如是，凭借人中诸力，因陀罗成为善闻与光辉名声的前驱破障者；他与友善之力相对而立。于战阵中，诸般冲力以多样言辞被称颂；祭主的赞歌成为直行不息之功作者。
Word by Word
एवाthus, just so
एवा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
नृभिःwith men, by men
नृभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootनृ
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र
सुश्रवस्याःof good fame / of good renown
सुश्रवस्याः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun (abstract/feminine)
Rootसुश्रवस्या
प्रखादःthe cleaver/hew-er forth; the one who breaks open (obstacles)
प्रखादः:
Kartā (apposition to इन्द्रः)
TypeNoun/Adjective (agentive epithet)
Rootप्र-खाद
पृक्षःthe strong one; the vigorous/bull-like
पृक्षः:
Kartā (apposition to इन्द्रः)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपृक्ष
अभिtowards, against, upon
अभि:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/preposition)
Rootअभि
मित्रिणःthe allied/friendly ones; companions
मित्रिणः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमित्रिन्
भूत्became; came to be
भूत्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootभू
समर्यःthe battle-companion; the fighter
समर्यः:
Kartā
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसमर्य
इषःrefreshments; invigorations; offerings/impulses
इषः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइष् / इषा
स्तवतेis praised; receives praise
स्तवते:
—
TypeVerb
Rootस्तु
विवाचिin/with clear utterance; in distinct speech
विवाचि:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective (kṛdanta-like, Vedic)
Rootवि-वाच्
सत्राकरःone who acts straightway/always; constant doer
सत्राकरः:
Kartā (apposition)
TypeNoun/Adjective (agentive compound)
Rootसत्रा-कर
यजमानस्यof the sacrificer
यजमानस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootयजमान
शंसःpraise; eulogy
शंसः:
Kartā (subject-noun: ‘praise’)
TypeNoun
Rootशंस
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