Rig Veda 1.13.7: Mandala 1, Sukta 13, Mantra 7
Sukta 1.13
Rishi: Medhātithi Kāṇva (traditional attribution for RV 1.13)
Devata: Naktā-Uṣasā (Night and Dawn)
Chandas: Gāyatrī
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
नक्तोषासा सुपेशसास्मिन्यज्ञ उप ह्वये । इदं नो बर्हिरासदे ॥
Transliteration
náktōṣā́sā supéśasā asmín yajñá úpa hvaye | idáṃ no bárhir āsáde ||
Translation
夜与曙光，形容姝美，我召请你们临近此祭；请坐于我等之barhis圣草座上。
Word by Word
नक्तोषासाNight-and-Dawn (the two goddesses)
नक्तोषासा:
कर्तृ (आह्वानस्य कर्तारौ)
TypeNoun (dual compound)
Rootनक्त- + उषस्- (द्वन्द्व-समास) → नक्तोषासा
सुपेशसाbeautifully adorned / of lovely appearance (dual)
सुपेशसा:
कर्तृ (कर्तृपदस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु- + पेशस् (प्रातिपदिक) → सुपेशस्
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
अधिकरण (स्थान/प्रसङ्गः: ‘in this’)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
यज्ञेsacrifice, ritual
यज्ञे:
अधिकरण (यत्र आह्वानम्)
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
उपnear, towards (as preverb: ‘hither/nearby’)
उप:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
ह्वयेI invoke, I call
ह्वये:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√ह्वे (ह्वा/ह्वे) ‘आह्वाने’
इदम्this
इदम्:
कर्म (आसदनस्य/उपवेशनस्य विषयः)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नःour
नः:
सम्बन्ध (possessive: ‘our’)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
बर्हिःsacrificial grass (barhis), the ritual seat
बर्हिः:
कर्तृ (आसदनक्रियायाः कर्ता/आधारः—‘the barhis-seat’)
TypeNoun
Rootबर्हिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
आसदेto sit upon / to approach (the seat)
आसदे:
क्रिया (उद्देश्यः: ‘for sitting/approaching’)
TypeVerb (finite; injunctive/imperative-like in Vedic) / also analyzable as infinitival-purpose form in context
Root√सद् ‘उपवेशने/आसदने’ + आ- (उपसर्ग) → आ-√सद्
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