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Sukta 1.1
Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra
Agni
Gāyatrī
《梨俱吠陀》开篇之歌,召请阿耆尼为祭祀的首席祭官(purohita),为神圣的使者,迎引诸神并奠立兴盛。全诗九节伽耶特丽体中,赞颂阿耆尼具先见之志、负载真理、最善赐予“宝藏”,并以亲密的祈愿作结:愿他如父亲般可亲可近,护佑祭主安康。
Mantra 1
अग्निमीळे पुरोहितं यज्ञस्य देवमृत्विजम् । होतारं रत्नधातमम् ॥
我赞颂阿耆尼(Agni),那被安置于前的祭祀司(purohita),祭礼(yajña)之神、依正时而行的祭官(ṛtvij);那召请者(hotṛ),最善于安置与赐予宝藏者。
Mantra 2
अग्निः पूर्वेभिॠषिभिरीड्यो नूतनैरुत । स देवाँ एह वक्षति ॥
阿耆尼为古代诸仙圣(ṛṣi)所当赞礼,亦为今之新者所当赞礼;他将把诸天神带到此处。
Mantra 3
अग्निना रयिमश्नवत्पोषमेव दिवेदिवे । यशसं वीरवत्तमम् ॥
凭阿耆尼,人得以获得财富(rayi)与滋养(poṣa)——日日增长;光荣而最具勇士之力。
Mantra 4
अग्ने यं यज्ञमध्वरं विश्वतः परिभूरसि । स इद्देवेषु गच्छति ॥
阿耆尼啊,你从四方遍覆并主宰的那祭祀与无瑕的供献行程;凭此力量,求道之人便得以行进,抵达诸天神明之中。
Mantra 5
अग्निर्होता कविक्रतुः सत्यश्चित्रश्रवस्तमः । देवो देवेभिरा गमत् ॥
愿阿耆尼——呼请者,具仙见之意志——真实而最富光辉灵感;这位神圣之力,与诸神同来此处。
Mantra 6
यदङ्ग दाशुषे त्वमग्ने भद्रं करिष्यसि । तवेत्तत्सत्यमङ्गिरः ॥
阿耆尼啊,你将为献供者塑成的任何光明之善;安吉罗啊,那确是你自身行事之真。你所许的恩惠,必在我们之中成为确凿的现实。
Mantra 7
उप त्वाग्ने दिवेदिवे दोषावस्तर्धिया वयम् । नमो भरन्त एमसि ॥
噢,阿耆尼(Agni),我们日复一日亲近于你;在夜间与黎明将至之时,我们以觉醒的意念(dhī)趋前,奉上敬礼(namo),求得进入你光明的临在与引导。
Mantra 8
राजन्तमध्वराणां गोपामृतस्य दीदिविम् । वर्धमानं स्वे दमे ॥
那位在诸祭献(adhvara)中如王者般辉耀者,守护真理(ṛta)者,光明灿然者——阿耆尼(Agni)——在他自身的居所(dama,亦即我们之内)不断增长。
Mantra 9
स नः पितेव सूनवेऽग्ने सूपायनो भव । सचस्वा नः स्वस्तये ॥
愿你为我们——噢,阿耆尼(Agni)——如父之于子:易于亲近,善于护送引领。为我们的安泰(svasti)与正序中的稳固成长,请与我们相契相随。
Because Agni is the mediator of the sacrifice: he carries offerings to the gods and brings the gods’ powers into the rite. Invoking him first establishes the yajña and makes all later invocations effective.
It means “placed in front” or “foremost priest.” The hymn presents Agni as the guiding presence at the head of the sacrifice—both ritually (the fire in front) and spiritually (the leading divine will).
The hymn asks Agni to bring the gods, ensure successful worship, and grant ‘treasures’—prosperity, strength, and inspired clarity—ending with a prayer for svasti (secure well-being) and protection like a father.
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