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Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (specific ṛṣi attribution varies by anukramaṇī; commonly treated as an Agni-focused Atharvanic utterance)
Devata: Agni (as Sapatnahan, rival-slayer; radiant pervader of the quarters)
Chandas: Mixed/irregular (Atharvavedic triṣṭubh-jagatī tendency; requires pada-count verification against a critical text)
这首简短的阿闼婆吠陀赞歌安立阿耆尼为“sapatnahā”(诛灭对手者),其光辉遍照四方,以确立并守护一方安稳的领域。赞歌把阿耆尼的增长与宇宙时间(年、季节与诸循环)相连,又将他置为警醒的家宅守卫,使家火转化为辟邪护卫之力:挫败敌对的意图,并稳固社会与王权秩序。
Mantra 1
सपत्नहाऽग्निः। समा॑स्त्वाग्न ऋ॒तवो॑ वर्धयन्तु संवत्स॒रा ऋष॑यो॒ यानि॑ स॒त्या। सं दि॒व्येन॑ दीदिहि रोच॒नेन॒ विश्वा॒ आ भा॑हि प्र॒दिश॒श्चत॑स्रः
阿耆尼(Agni)为灭除对敌者。愿诸年岁、噢阿耆尼,及诸季节增长你;愿诸岁轮、诸仙圣(ṛṣi),以及他们所持的一切真实(satya)都来增益你。以天界的光辉全然炽照;照明四方一切境域。
Mantra 2
सं चे॒ध्यस्वा॑ग्ने॒ प्र च॑ वर्धये॒ममुच्च॑ तिष्ठ मह॒ते सौभ॑गाय । मा ते॑ रिषन्नुपस॒त्तारो॑ अग्ने ब्र॒ह्माण॑स्ते य॒शसः॑ सन्तु॒ मान्ये
噢阿耆尼(Agni),愿你同声炽燃;并且愿我们使那人向前增盛。为伟大的吉祥而高高挺立。噢阿耆尼,愿你的近侍者不受伤害;愿梵力(brahman)归于你,光荣而堪受敬奉。
Mantra 3
त्वाम॑ग्ने वृणते ब्राह्म॒णा इ॒मे शि॒वो अ॑ग्ने सं॒वर॑णे भवा नः । स॒प॒त्न॒हाग्ने॑ अभिमाति॒जिद् भ॑व॒ स्वे गये॑ जागृ॒ह्यप्र॑युछन्
阿耆尼啊,这些婆罗门选择你。阿耆尼啊,在我们守护的围护之中,请对我们慈和。阿耆尼啊,敌对者的杀灭者、恶意侵袭的征服者,请成为如此;在你自己的居所中,守望不懈,不令松弛。
Mantra 4
क्ष॒त्रेणा॑ग्ने॒ स्वेन॒ सं र॑भस्व मि॒त्रेणा॑ग्ने मित्र॒धा य॑तस्व । स॒जा॒तानां॑ मध्यमे॒ष्ठा राज्ञा॑मग्ने वि॒हव्यो॑ दीदिही॒ह
阿耆尼啊,以你自身的王权之力牢牢把持;阿耆尼啊,以密多罗(Mitra)的威力,依密多罗的秩序而奋力。于同族之中,愿你为最上者,立于诸王之中间;阿耆尼啊,多方被呼唤者,请在此为我们辉耀明亮。
It means “slayer of rivals.” The hymn asks Agni to burn away opposition—social competitors and hostile forces—and to secure the patron’s domain.
It portrays Agni’s strength as growing with ṛta (cosmic order). By rooting the charm in time’s stability, Agni’s protection is made continuous and reliable.
Though it has anti-rival (abhicārika) force, it also functions as a household and polity-protection prayer: Agni is installed as an unremitting watcher who stabilizes the home and community.
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