Rig Veda 8.9.19 — Mandala 8, Sukta 9, Mantra 19
Sukta 8.9
Rishi: Kāṇva (Kāṇva lineage; exact attribution not specified in input)
Devata: Aśvinau
Chandas: Likely Triṣṭubh (requires verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यदापीतासो अंशवो गावो न दुह्र ऊधभिः । यद्वा वाणीरनूषत प्र देवयन्तो अश्विना ॥
Transliteration
yád āpī́tāso aṃśávo gā́vo ná duhrá ū́dhabhiḥ | yád vā vāṇī́r anū́ṣata prá devayánto aśvínā ||
Translation
When the rays, fully filled, give forth like cows with their udders; and when the voices have sounded in response, pressing forward toward the gods—then, O Ashvins, (come with your help).
Word by Word
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक) < यद्- (सम्बन्ध/काल)
अपिalso, even
अपि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
ईतासःgone, having gone
ईतासः:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण कर्तृसम्बन्धः)
TypeAdjective
Rootईत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) < √इ (गत्यर्थ) ; PPP/कृत प्रत्यय -त
अंशवःsoma-stalks / soma-shoots
अंशवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअंशु (प्रातिपदिक)
गावःcows
गावः:
Kartā (उपमान-कर्तृभावे)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
दुह्रःmilkers (those who milk)
दुह्रः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदुह्र (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) < √दुह् (दोहने) ; agent noun (ऋ/र्-प्रत्यय, Vedic)
ऊधभिःwith udders
ऊधभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootऊधन्/ऊधस् (प्रातिपदिक)
यद्when/that
यद्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (relative) / Pronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वाor
वा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
वाणीःvoices, songs
वाणीः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवाणी (प्रातिपदिक) < √वच्/√वद् (वाक्ये) (speech)
अनूषतthey uttered / sang
अनूषत:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√वच्/√वद् (वाक्ये) — Vedic root aorist/impf. with preverb अनु- (अनु + उष्/वच् in Vedic ‘to utter, sing’); form: अनूषत
प्रforth
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
देवयन्तःseeking the gods / devoted
देवयन्तः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootदेवयन्त् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) < देव + √यम्/√इ (इच्छा/गति) ; desiderative/denominative sense ‘seeking the gods’
अश्विनाthe Aśvins (dual gods)
अश्विना:
Karma (स्तुत्य/आह्वेय-देवता as object of praise/calling)
TypeNoun (dual deity name)
Rootअश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
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