Rig Veda 8.33.4: Mandala 8, Sukta 33, Mantra 4

Sukta 8.33

Rishi: Medhyātithi (named in the verse as addressee; hymn milieu Kāṇva)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Likely Jagatī (needs metrical verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

पाहि गायान्धसो मद इन्द्राय मेध्यातिथे । यः सम्मिश्लो हर्योर्यः सुते सचा वज्री रथो हिरण्ययः ॥

Transliteration

pā́hi gāyāndhaso máda índrāya medhyātithe | yáḥ sáṃmiślo háryor yáḥ suté sácā vajrī́ rátho hiraṇyáyaḥ ||

Translation

Guard and chant the ecstasy of Soma’s essence for Indra, O Medhyātithi; for his is the harnessed joining of the two tawny powers, his is the golden chariot with the thunder-force, moving in companionship with the pressed delight—so that the victorious energy may be secured in us.

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Word by Word

• पा॒हि: protect! / guard!
• पा॒हि: — (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पा (पाने/रक्षणे)

• गायान्: cows
• गायान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक: गो-)

• अन्धसः: of the Soma-juice / of the drink
• अन्धसः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्धस् (प्रातिपदिक: अन्धस्-)

• मदे: in intoxication / in exhilaration
• मदे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद (प्रातिपदिक: मद-)

• इन्द्राय: for Indra
• इन्द्राय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक: इन्द्र-)

• मेध्यातिथे: O Medhyātithi
• मेध्यातिथे: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (proper name, vocative)
• Root: मेध्यातिथि (प्रातिपदिक: मेध्यातिथि-)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā (relative clause)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सम्मिश्लः: mingled together / closely joined
• सम्मिश्लः: Kartā (as predicate adjective of यः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + मिश्र (प्रातिपदिक: सम्मिश्ल-)

• हर्योः: of the two bay steeds
• हर्योः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक: हरि-)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā (relative clause)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सुते: in the pressed (Soma) / at the pressing
• सुते: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun (kṛdanta used substantively)
• Root: सु (धातु: सु—सवने) → सुत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• सचा: together with / in company
• सचा: — (क्रियाविशेषण/सहभाव)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सच् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक: सचा)

• वज्री: the wielder of the thunderbolt
• वज्री: Kartā (apposition to यः)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वज्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक: वज्रिन्-)

• रथः: chariot
• रथः: Kartā (apposition; ‘the chariot’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (प्रातिपदिक: रथ-)

• हिरण्ययः: golden / made of gold
• हिरण्ययः: Kartā (predicate adjective of रथः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हिरण्यय (प्रातिपदिक: हिरण्यय-)