Rig Veda 8.16.9: Mandala 8, Sukta 16, Mantra 9
Sukta 8.16
Rishi: Kāṇva tradition (Mandala 8; specific rishi not provided in input)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Gāyatrī mentioned explicitly (though the verse’s own meter not verified here)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तमर्केभिस्तं सामभिस्तं गायत्रैश्चर्षणयः । इन्द्रं वर्धन्ति क्षितयः ॥
Transliteration
tám arkébhiḥ tám sā́mabhis tám gā́yatraiś carṣáṇayaḥ | índraṃ vardhanti kṣitáyaḥ ||
Translation
اسے روشن ستودوں سے، ہم آہنگیوں سے، گایتری چھندوں سے طاقتور بناتے ہیں؛ انسانی بستیاں اِندر کی پرورش کرتی ہیں تاکہ روشن ذہن کی قوت ہم میں بڑھے۔
Word by Word
तम्him (Indra)
तम्:
कर्म (वर्धन्ति—whom they increase)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → त
ऋकेभिःwith ṛk-verses
ऋकेभिः:
करण (by means of ṛc-verses)
TypeNoun
Rootऋच् (स्त्री) ‘ऋक्/ऋचा’
तम्him
तम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → त
सामभिःwith sāman-chants
सामभिः:
करण (with sāman-chants)
TypeNoun
Rootसामन् (नपुं) ‘साम-स्तोत्र’
तम्him
तम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → त
गायत्रैःwith gāyatra (metres/chants)
गायत्रैः:
करण (with gāyatra(-chants/metres))
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootगायत्र (विशेषण/नाम; ‘गायत्री-छन्दस्-सम्बद्ध’)
चर्षणयःthe peoples / worshippers
चर्षणयः:
कर्तृ (they—worshippers/men)
TypeNoun
Rootचर्षणि (स्त्री; ‘जन/मनुष्य-समूह’)
इन्द्रम्Indra
इन्द्रम्:
कर्म (object of वर्धन्ति)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (देवनाम)
वर्धन्तिthey strengthen / increase
वर्धन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√वृध् (वर्धते) ‘to grow, increase, strengthen’
क्षितयःthe dwellers / peoples
क्षितयः:
कर्तृ (apposition to चर्षणयः)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षिति (स्त्री; ‘निवास/जन/प्रजा’)
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