Rig Veda 7.63.4: Mandala 7, Sukta 63, Mantra 4
Sukta 7.63
- Rishi
- Vasiṣṭha
- Devata
- Sūrya
- Chandas
- Triṣṭubh
- Rasa
- Vira (heroism) and Adbhuta (wonder)
दिवो रुक्म उरुचक्षा उदेति दूरेअर्थस्तरणिर्भ्राजमानः । नूनं जनाः सूर्येण प्रसूता अयन्नर्थानि कृणवन्नपांसि ॥
divó rukmá urucákṣā úd eti dūréarthas taraṇír bhrā́jamānaḥ | nūnáṃ jánāḥ sū́ryeṇa prasū́tā áyann árthāni kṛṇávann apā́ṃsi ||
آسمان کا سنہری تیز، وسیع نظر والا اٹھتا ہے، دور تک پہنچنے والا مقصد، ایک چمکدار فاتح۔ اب واقعی لوگ سورج کی تحریک سے اپنے مقاصد کی طرف جاتے ہیں اور اپنے کام پورے کرتے ہیں۔
Word by Word
- दिवः
- of heaven / of the skyNounस्त्रीलिङ्ग (द्यौः), षष्ठी एकवचनRole सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)Root दिव् (प्रातिपदिक: दिव्/द्यौ-)
- रुक्मः
- the golden one (Sun) / the bright ornamentNounपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचनRole कर्तृ (उदेति इत्यस्य)Root रुक्म (प्रातिपदिक)
- उरुचक्षाः
- wide-seeing, far-seeingAdjectiveपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (रुक्मः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)Role कर्तृ-विशेषणRoot उरु- + चक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि)
- उद्
- up, forthIndeclinableउपसर्गः (एति/उदेति सह)Role क्रियाविशेषण (दिशा/उत्थान)Root उद् (उपसर्ग)
- एति
- goes, risesVerbलट् (वर्तमान), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचनRole क्रियाRoot इ (धातु)
- दूरे
- far awayAdjective (used adverbially)नपुंसकलिङ्ग, लोकेटिव/सप्तमी एकवचन (अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोगः)Role अधिकरण (स्थान/परिसर)Root दूर (प्रातिपदिक)
- अर्थः
- goal, purpose, aimNounपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचनRole कर्तृ/विशेष्य (तरणिः इत्यस्य सह-अभिधानम्)Root अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
- तरणिः
- the crosser, overcomer (Sun)Nounपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचनRole कर्तृ (उदेति इत्यस्य; रुक्मः इत्यस्य सह)Root तॄ (धातु) → तरणि (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; agent noun)
- भ्राजमानः
- shining, blazingParticiple (Adjective)पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन (कर्तृ-समनाधिकरण)Role कर्तृ-विशेषणRoot भ्राज् (धातु) → भ्राजमान (शानच्/आन-प्रत्यय; वर्तमान कृदन्त)
- नूनम्
- now, indeedIndeclinableकाल/निश्चयार्थक निपातRole क्रियाविशेषणRoot नूनम् (निपात)
- जनाः
- peopleNounपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचनRole कर्तृ (अयन्/कृण्वन् इत्यस्य)Root जन (प्रातिपदिक)
- सूर्येण
- by/through the SunNounपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया एकवचनRole करणRoot सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
- प्रसूताः
- impelled, set in motionParticiple (Adjective)पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन (जनाः इत्यस्य)Role कर्तृ-विशेषणRoot सू (धातु) + प्र (उपसर्ग) → प्रसूत (भूतकृदन्त)
- अयन्
- they went, they proceededVerbलङ् (अनद्यतन भूत), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन (वैदिक रूप: अयन् = अयन्/अयन् < अयन्)Role क्रियाRoot इ (धातु)
- अर्थानि
- aims, purposes, tasksNounनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया बहुवचनRole कर्मRoot अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
- कृण्वन्
- doing, makingParticipleपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन (जनाः इत्यस्य; समकालिक क्रिया)Role कर्तृ-विशेषण (क्रियासह)Root कृ (धातु) → कृण्वत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त; शतृ)
- अपांसि
- works, deedsNounनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया बहुवचनRole कर्मRoot अपस् (प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक)
Sandhi Notes
- संहिता-पाठ: दू॒रेअ॑र्थस्त॒रणि॒र्भ्राज॑मानः → पदच्छेद: दू॒रे । अर्थः । तरणिः । भ्राजमानः । (ए/अ संधि: ए + अ → एअ (वैदिक संहिता में यथावत्), तथा विसर्ग-संधि: अर्थः तरणिः → अर्थस् तरणिः)
- अन्यत्र: उदेति = उद् + एति (उपसर्ग-संयोग)
The meaning
Outer meaning
The golden splendour of heaven, wide-seeing, rises—far-reaching in aim, a radiant overcomer. People, impelled by the Sun, go to their purposes and accomplish their works.
Inner meaning
When the ‘golden splendour’ (rukma) of higher consciousness rises, vision widens (urucakṣā) and purpose becomes far-reaching (dūre-artha). This illumination is a ‘taraṇi’—a force that carries one across resistance. Under that solar impulsion, the human faculties move toward their true aims and can complete works effectively (apāṃsi) because light releases right action.
Universal truth
Illumination is not passive: true light widens vision, extends purpose, and empowers effective action; when consciousness is ‘sun-driven,’ work becomes aligned and fruitful.
Themes
illumination-to-action, overcoming, daily-renewal
The seer
- Rishi
- Vasiṣṭha
- Other hymns
- Rig Veda 7.63, Rig Veda 7.64, Rig Veda 7.66
Family tradition
A lineage emphasizing sovereign order (Āditya powers) and the practical establishment of ṛta in life and action.
Significance
Vasiṣṭha links illumination to accomplished works—knowledge must become power in conduct, not remain a vision only.
The deity
- Devata
- Sūrya
- Epithets
- divo rukma (gold of heaven), urucakṣā (wide-seeing), bhrājamāna (radiant), taraṇi (overcomer)
- Related deities
- Savitṛ, Uṣas, Mitra, Varuṇa
Cosmic role
The visible sun who orders day, reveals forms, and energizes movement across the worlds.
Inner power
The illumined mind that reveals truth, widens perspective, and drives the being toward purposeful, victorious action.
In ritual
Where it is used
Morning solar recitation; linked to beginning of daily activities and outward works.
दि॒वो रु॒क्म उ॑रु॒चक्षा॒ उदे॑ति दू॒रेअ॑र्थस्त॒रणि॒र्भ्राज॑मानः । नू॒नं जना॒: सूर्ये॑ण॒ प्रसू॑ता॒ अय॒न्नर्था॑नि कृ॒णव॒न्नपां॑सि ॥
दि॒वः । रु॒क्मः । उ॒रु॒ऽचक्षाः॑ । उत् । ए॒ति॒ । दू॒रेऽअ॑र्थः । त॒रणिः॑ । भ्राज॑मानः । नू॒नम् । जनाः॑ । सूर्ये॑ण । प्रऽसू॑ताः । अय॑न् । अर्था॑नि । कृ॒णव॑न् । अपां॑सि ॥
divaḥ | rukmaḥ | uru-cakṣāḥ | ut | eti | dūre--arthaḥ | taraṇiḥ | bhrājamānaḥ | nūnam | janāḥ | sūryeṇa | pra-sūtāḥ | ayan | arthāni | kṛṇavan | apāṃsi
44
4 × ~11 syllables
Energetic, declarative, ‘march-like’ in forward motion.
Invigorates; promotes clarity and readiness for action—useful for morning resolve.
- रुक्म (rukma)
- Literal: gold, golden ornament/splendour. Symbolic: golden truth-light of higher mind
- उरुचक्षाः (urucakṣāḥ)
- Literal: wide-eyed, wide-seeing. Symbolic: expanded awareness and comprehensive vision
- दूरेअर्थः (dūre-arthaḥ)
- Literal: far-aimed, far-reaching in purpose. Symbolic: long-range intention guided by truth, not impulse
- तरणिः (taraṇiḥ)
- Literal: crosser, overcomer. Symbolic: power that carries across inner obstacles
- सूर्येण प्रसूताः (sūryeṇa prasūtāḥ)
- Literal: impelled/urged by the Sun. Symbolic: faculties moved by illumined consciousness
- अपांसि (apāṃsi)
- Literal: works, labours. Symbolic: effective formations—right actions that embody the light
Morning invocation supporting pravṛtti (outgoing activity) after sunrise; aligns with rites that mark transition from night-rest to day-work under solar auspice
At sunrise; before work, travel, or study.
Recitation facing east; offering of water/attention; inner dedication of works to the light.
A ‘work mantra’—chant to align goals with clarity and to convert insight into completed tasks.
rukmá- 'golden splendour/ornament' is a frequent epithet of solar brilliance; innerly, it marks the rich substance of illumination. taraṇi- from √tṛ 'cross over' (PIE *terh₁- 'cross', cf. Eng. 'through' by semantic field) supports the sense of overcoming darkness/limitation. dūré-artha- compound: dūrá 'far' + artha 'aim/purpose' → guidance that reaches beyond immediate perception. prasūta- again from pra-√sū 'impel' links solar light with activation of human works.
crossing beyond limitation (tṛ), prasava as activation of works, artha as meaningful aim aligned to ṛta
Sūrya reveals ṛta by making the right relations visible; ‘far-reaching purpose’ echoes ordered intention.
Golden splendour as truth-light that discloses what is to be done.
Light rising as the condition for manifestation and effective formation (karman).
Integral-Vedāntic psychology: illumination (knowledge) as dynamic power (śakti) in action.
sunrise
Sunrise = awakening of mental clarity; golden light = truth-perception; ‘going forth’ = faculties engaging life under guidance of illumination.
- What is the primary Vedic 'mythologem' present in this verse?
- The Sun as the overcomer and activator: when the heavenly gold rises, human beings are released into purposeful action. Innerly, illumination is not passive; it impels (prasūta) the faculties to pursue true aims (arthāni) and accomplish works (apāṃsi) in the order of ṛta.
- How does the linguistic structure reflect Proto-Indo-European roots?
- The ‘crossing’ verb family (taraṇi < √tṛ) corresponds to a widespread IE metaphor of overcoming by crossing (PIE *terh₁-). The motion verb √i (ayan) continues the inherited narrative grammar of cosmic movement mirrored in human movement.
- What is the relationship between the Rishi and the Devata here?
- The rishi frames the Sun as the inner cause of right human activity: the deity gives impulsion, humans respond by pursuing aims and forming works. The reciprocity is practical—illumination grants direction; the human being enacts it.
Bring the ‘golden wide vision’ to the day’s intentions; let light choose aims and empower execution.
maṇipūra (will/action) with ājñā (clarity)
3–6 rounds: inhale imagining golden light rising to brow; exhale sending it into hands/feet (action channels).
Clear, energized, purposeful.
After chanting, list one ‘far-reaching’ intention; offer it to the inner Sun; act only after a moment of widened seeing.
Maintain Vedic accents; emphasize rising cadence on ‘udéti’ and ‘bhrā́jamānaḥ’; keep second line brisk but clear.
Mark ‘urucakṣā́’ with breadth; keep ‘kṛṇvánn apā́ṃsi’ firm to convey accomplishment.
divo: short i; dental v, rukma: clear k+m conjunct, urucakṣāḥ: retroflex ṣ; long ā, dūrearthas: sustain dū-; articulate -arth-, taraṇir: retroflex ṇ, prasūtāḥ: long ū; aspirated th at end if present in your recitation tradition
Bright, energizing, slightly projected.
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