Rig Veda 7.16.8: Mandala 7, Sukta 16, Mantra 8

Sukta 7.16

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (Vasiṣṭha family, Mandala 7)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 7.16; verse-level meter not exhaustively verified here)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

येषामिळा घृतहस्ता दुरोण आँ अपि प्राता निषीदति । ताँस्त्रायस्व सहस्य द्रुहो निदो यच्छा नः शर्म दीर्घश्रुत् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 7.16.8

Transliteration

yeṣā́m iḷā́ ghṛtáhastā duroṇá ā́ṃ ápi prātā́ níṣīdati | tā́ṃs trā́yasva sahasya drúho nidó yáchā naḥ śárma dīrgháśrut ||

Translation

Those in whose home Ila, with hands of clarified light, sits down in the early dawning—protect them, O Son of Force, from the crooked hostile and from the blaming voice; grant to us shelter, O far-hearing.

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Word by Word

• येषाम्: of whom / whose
• येषाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → य-

• इळा: Iḷā (goddess of invocation/refreshment; sacrificial speech/oblation)
• इळा: कर्तृ (of the clause ‘निषीदति’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इळा (प्रातिपदिक)

• घृतहस्ता: having ghee in her hands / ghee-handed
• घृतहस्ता: कर्तृ (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घृत-हस्त (समास: कर्मधारय/बहुव्रीहि-प्राय)

• दुरोण: the house; dwelling (ritual home)
• दुरोण: कर्म (goal with motion ‘आ …’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुरोण (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: towards; hither
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• अपि: also; moreover
• अपि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (निपात)

• प्रातः: in the morning
• प्रातः: अधिकरण (time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रातः (अव्यय)

• निषीदति: sits down; takes her seat
• निषीदति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सद् (सीदति) + नि-

• तान्: those (men/people)
• तान्: कर्म (of ‘त्रायस्व’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• त्रायस्व: protect (thou)!
• त्रायस्व: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √त्रा (त्रायते/त्रायति)

• सहस्य: O mighty one / of strength (epithet, esp. of Agni)
• सहस्य: सम्बोधन/सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun/Adjective (epithet)
• Root: सहस् (प्रातिपदिक) अथवा सहस्य (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)

• द्रुहः: from injury/hostile deceit
• द्रुहः: अपादान (from which protection is sought)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रुह् (प्रातिपदिक: द्रुह्/द्रुह्- ‘injury, hostile deceit’)

• निदः: from reproach/insult
• निदः: अपादान
• Type: Noun
• Root: निद् (प्रातिपदिक: ‘reproach, blame’)

• यच्छ: grant; bestow
• यच्छ: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √यम् (यच्छति)

• नः: to us / for us
• नः: सम्प्रदान (recipient) / सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• शर्म: shelter; protection; comfort
• शर्म: कर्म (of ‘यच्छ’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• दीर्घश्रुत्: O long-renowned / far-heard one
• दीर्घश्रुत्: सम्बोधन
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: दीर्घ-श्रुत् (समास; ‘long-famed/long-heard’)