Rig Veda 4.5.8: Mandala 4, Sukta 5, Mantra 8
Sukta 4.5
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Agni (as revealer/guardian of the hidden step)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verify)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
प्रवाच्यं वचसः किं मे अस्य गुहा हितमुप निणिग्वदन्ति । यदुस्रियाणामप वारिव व्रन्पाति प्रियं रुपो अग्रं पदं वेः ॥
Transliteration
pra-vā́cyaṃ vácasaḥ kíṃ me asyá guhā́ hitám úpa niṇíg vadanti | yád usríyāṇām ápa vā́r iva vrán pā́ti priyáṃ rúpó ágraṃ padáṃ véḥ ||
Translation
میری اس بات کا کہنا کیا ہے، جسے وہ خفیہ غار میں چھپا کہتے ہیں؟ جب زخم وسیع دروازے کی طرح کھلتا ہے، تب پیاری صورت شعاعوں کے پہلے قدم کی حفاظت کرتی ہے۔
Word by Word
प्रवाच्यम्to be proclaimed; speakable
प्रवाच्यम्:
Karma (to be spoken/declared)
TypeAdjective (gerundive) / verbal adjective
Rootप्र-वच् (वच्) / प्र+वाच्य (कृत्प्रातिपदिक)
वचसःof the speech/utterance
वचसः:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootवचस् (प्रातिपदिक)
किम्what?
किम्:
Karma (what?)
TypePronoun (interrogative)
Rootकिम् (प्रातिपदिक)
मेto/for me; my
मे:
Sampradāna/Sambandha (to/for me; of me)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
अस्यof this (one/thing)
अस्य:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypePronoun (demonstrative)
Rootइदम्
गुहाsecretly; in concealment
गुहा:
Adhikaraṇa (location/manner)
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial)
Rootगुहा (अव्यय/निपात; also noun 'cave')
हितम्placed; hidden; deposited
हितम्:
Karma/Viśeṣaṇa (that which is placed/hidden)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootधा → हित (PPP; prātipadika 'हित')
उपnear; towards
उप:
— (upasarga with following verb)
TypePreverb/indeclinable
Rootउप
निणिग्वदन्तिthey speak/utter (in a murmuring/cryptic way)
निणिग्वदन्ति:
Kriyā (main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवद् (with preverb नि-; stem: निणिग्व- as Vedic present formation)
यत्which; that
यत्:
Karma/Anvaya-link (that which)
TypeRelative pronoun
Rootयद्
उस्रियाणाम्of the bright ones (dawn-cows/rays)
उस्रियाणाम्:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootउस्रिया (प्रातिपदिक; 'dawn-cows'/rays)
अपaway; forth
अप:
— (upasarga with following form)
TypePreverb/indeclinable
Rootअप
वारिवःwide space; free course; opening
वारिवः:
Karma (object: 'wide space/opening')
TypeNoun
Rootवारिवस् (प्रातिपदिक)
व्रन्(he) opens/makes (a way)
व्रन्:
Kriyā (subordinate verb with यत्)
TypeVerb (finite, archaic Vedic form)
Rootवृ (वृणोति/वृणक्ति) → व्रन् (Vedic injunctive/aorist-like form; also read as 'व्रन्' from √वृ 'to cover/open' in RV usage)
पातिprotects; guards
पाति:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootपा (पालने/रक्षणे)
प्रियम्dear; beloved
प्रियम्:
Karma (object of implied/related action; or qualifier of रूपम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
रूपःform; appearance
रूपः:
Kartā (subject, appositional)
TypeNoun
Rootरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
अग्रम्the foremost; the first point
अग्रम्:
Karma (foremost/first as object/goal)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
पदम्step; track; place
पदम्:
Karma (object)
TypeNoun
Rootपद (प्रातिपदिक)
वेःyou know; you find/seek
वेः:
Kriyā (addressed action: 'you know/find')
TypeVerb (finite, archaic Vedic)
Rootवी (वेति) / or √वय्? (Vedic: वेः as 2nd sg. perfect/aorist-like)
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