Rig Veda 4.14.1 — Mandala 4, Sukta 14, Mantra 1

Sukta 4.14

Devata: Agni in relation to Uṣas; invocation to the Aśvins (Nāsatyā)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्रत्यग्निरुषसो जातवेदा अख्यद्देवो रोचमाना महोभिः । आ नासत्योरुगाया रथेनेमं यज्ञमुप नो यातमच्छ ॥

Transliteration

praty agnír uṣáso jā́tavedā́ ákhya dēvó rócamānā máhobhiḥ | ā nā́satyor urū-gāyā́ ráthenemáṃ yajñám upa no yātam áccha ||

Translation

Facing the Dawn, Agni the knower of births has revealed himself, the god growing luminous by his great powers. O Nāsatyas, wide in your movement and worthy of vast song, come with your chariot to this sacrifice; draw near to us indeed.

Word by Word

• प्रति: towards, in response to
• प्रति: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• अग्निः: Agni (fire-god)
• अग्निः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि-

• उषसः: of Dawn
• उषसः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस्-

• जातवेदाः: Jātavedas (Agni, ‘knower of births/creatures’)
• जातवेदाः: Kartā (अग्नेः विशेषणम्)
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: जातवेदस्-

• अख्यत्: appeared, became visible
• अख्यत्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ख्या (ख्यायते/आख्याति)

• देवः: the god
• देवः: Kartā (अग्नेः पुनर्नाम)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव-

• रोचमानः: shining, gleaming
• रोचमानः: Kartā (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √रुच् (रोचते) → रोचमान-

• महःभिः: with great powers/might
• महःभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: महस्-

• आ: hither, towards (come!)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• नासत्योः: of the Nāsatyas (Aśvins)
• नासत्योः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun (dual deity name)
• Root: नासत्य-

• उगाय: for lofty praise/renown
• उगाय: Sampradāna (purpose/beneficiary nuance)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उ-गाय (उपसर्ग उ + √गै/गाय ‘to sing/praise’) → उगाय-

• रथेन: with the chariot
• रथेन: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ-

• इमम्: this
• इमम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम)

• यज्ञम्: sacrifice, ritual
• यज्ञम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ-

• उप: near, up to
• उप: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उप (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• नः: to us / our
• नः: Sampradāna (to us) / सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• यातम्: come (you two)!
• यातम्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या

• अच्छ: towards, straight to
• अच्छ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अच्छ (अव्यय)