Rig Veda 3.42.4: Mandala 3, Sukta 42, Mantra 4

Sukta 3.42

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional attribution for RV 3.42 within the Viśvāmitra corpus)

Devata: Indra (Soma-drinker; power of victorious illumination)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 3.42; confirmable by syllable count in a metrical pass)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

इन्द्रं सोमस्य पीतये स्तोमैरिह हवामहे । उक्थेभिः कुविदागमत् ॥

Transliteration

índraṁ sómasya pītáye stómair ihá havāmahe | ukthebhíḥ kúvid ā́gamat ||

Translation

We call Indra here with our soul-affirming hymns, for the drinking of Soma—so that the luminous force may enter and increase within us. May he, moved by our uplifted utterances, indeed come.

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Word by Word

• इन्द्रम्: Indra (as the object of invocation)
• इन्द्रम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• सोमस्य: of Soma
• सोमस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• पीतये: for drinking
• पीतये: सम्प्रदान (purpose/beneficiary)
• Type: Noun (verbal noun/infinitival dative)
• Root: पा (धातु) → पीति (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• स्तोमैः: with hymns/praises
• स्तोमैः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• इह: here
• इह: अधिकरण (देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)

• हवामहे: we invoke/call
• हवामहे: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: ह्वा (धातु)

• उक्थेभिः: with recitations (ukthas)
• उक्थेभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: उक्थ (प्रातिपदिक)

• कुवित्: whether indeed?/perhaps
• कुवित्: (निपात; प्रश्न/संशय-भाव)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कुवित् (अव्यय/प्रश्नार्थक-निपात)

• आ: towards, hither (preverb)
• आ: (क्रियाविशेषक)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग)

• गमत्: may he come / he came (aoristic: ‘let him come’)
• गमत्: कर्तृ (इन्द्रः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)