Rig Veda 2.26.4: Mandala 2, Sukta 26, Mantra 4

Sukta 2.26

Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Āṅgirasa)

Devata: Brahmaṇaspati

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यो अस्मै हव्यैर्घृतवद्भिरविधत्प्र तं प्राचा नयति ब्रह्मणस्पतिः । उरुष्यतीमंहसो रक्षती रिषोंऽहोश्चिदस्मा उरुचक्रिरद्भुतः ॥

Transliteration

yó asmai havyáir ghṛtávadbhir ávidhat prá táṃ prācā́ náyati bráhmaṇas pátiḥ | uruṣyátīm áṃhaso rákṣatī ríṣo aṃhóś cid asmai uru-cákrir ádbhutaḥ ||

Translation

Whoever has arranged for him the offerings rich with clarity and delight, him Brahmaṇaspati leads forward on the right path. He widens the safe spaces, guards from anguish and from hurt; even from constriction he protects—wonderful, far-working in his effective action.

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Word by Word

• यः: who (he who)
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्मै: to him
• अस्मै: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• हव्यैः: with oblations
• हव्यैः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: हव्य (प्रातिपदिक) < √हु (जुहोति) ‘to offer’

• घृतवत्भिः: ghee-rich
• घृतवत्भिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घृतवत् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘having ghee’

• अविधत्: he has bestowed / has arranged
• अविधत्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धा (धत्ते/दधाति) उपसर्गः अव-

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• प्राचा: forward, eastward
• प्राचा: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्राञ्च्/प्राच् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘eastward/forward’

• नयति: leads
• नयति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √नी (नयति)

• ब्रह्मणस्पतिः: Brahmaṇaspati (Lord of prayer)
• ब्रह्मणस्पतिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (proper/title)
• Root: ब्रह्मन् + पति (समासः: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• उरुष्यति: protects
• उरुष्यति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √उरुष्य (denom./causative-like ‘to protect, make wide/safe’)

• इम्: this (man/person)
• इम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक), वैदिक-रूपम्

• अंहसः: from distress/sin
• अंहसः: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: अंहस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• रक्षती: guards
• रक्षती: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √रक्ष् (रक्षति)

• रिषः: from harm
• रिषः: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: रिष्/रिषा (प्रातिपदिक) ‘harm, injury’

• अहोः: of the day
• अहोः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘day’

• चित्: even
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (निपात)

• अस्मै: to him
• अस्मै: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• उरुचक्रिः: the wide-working / far-accomplishing
• उरुचक्रिः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (kṛdanta-based)
• Root: उरु-चक्रि (प्रातिपदिक), बहुव्रीहिः/कर्मधारयः; चक्रि < √कृ (कृत्: चक्रि ‘one who makes/does’)

• अद्भुतः: wonderful, marvelous
• अद्भुतः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अद्भुत (प्रातिपदिक)