Rig Veda 2.24.10: Mandala 2, Sukta 24, Mantra 10

Sukta 2.24

Rishi: Gṛtsamada

Devata: Bṛhaspati/Brahmaṇaspati

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

विभु प्रभु प्रथमं मेहनावतो बृहस्पतेः सुविदत्राणि राध्या । इमा सातानि वेन्यस्य वाजिनो येन जना उभये भुञ्जते विशः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 2.24.10

Transliteration

vibhú prabhú prathamáṃ mehanā́vato bṛ́haspáteḥ suvidátrāṇi rā́dhyā | imā́ sātā́ni venyásya vā́jino yéna jánā ubháye bhuñjáte víśaḥ ||

Translation

Vast and sovereign are the first attainments to be won of Bṛhaspati, rich in generative power: these conquests of the desirable bringer of plenitude are to be accomplished, by which the peoples enjoy both the inner and the outer good.

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Word by Word

• विभु: all-pervading, mighty
• विभु: सम्बोधन (address) / कर्तृ-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विभु- (प्रातिपदिक) < √भू (भवति) ‘to be, become’ (विस्तार/व्याप्ति-भाव)

• प्रभु: lordly, powerful
• प्रभु: सम्बोधन / कर्तृ-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रभु- (प्रातिपदिक) < प्र + √भू ‘to be in front/over, to be powerful’

• प्रथमम्: first, foremost; at first
• प्रथमम्: क्रियाविशेषण (manner/sequence)
• Type: Adjective (used adverbially) / Noun-like
• Root: प्रथम- (प्रातिपदिक)

• मेहनावतः: of the virile one; of him who has generative power
• मेहनावतः: षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मेहनावत्- (प्रातिपदिक) < मेहना- ‘seed/virility, generative power’ + -वत्

• बृहस्पते: O Bṛhaspati
• बृहस्पते: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: बृहस्पति- (प्रातिपदिक) (देवनाम)

• सुविदत्राणि: good gifts/boons; good bestowals
• सुविदत्राणि: कर्म (object of an implied verb like ‘grant/bring’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुविदत्र- (प्रातिपदिक) < सु- + विदत्र- (from √विद् ‘to know/find’ / ‘finding, obtaining’; ‘good gifts/boons’ in Vedic usage)

• राध्या: bounties, riches
• राध्या: कर्म (object; ‘bounties/wealths’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राध्या- (प्रातिपदिक) < √राध् ‘to succeed, to prosper; to grant’ (Vedic: ‘wealth, bounty’)

• इमा: these
• इमा: कर्म (these [things] to be granted) / or विषय-निर्देश
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सातानि: gains, winnings
• सातानि: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: सात- (प्रातिपदिक) < √सा/सि ‘to win, gain’ (Vedic: ‘gains, winnings, acquisitions’)

• वेन्यस्य: of the desirable/excellent one
• वेन्यस्य: षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Adjective (genitive)
• Root: वेन्य- (प्रातिपदिक) < √वेन्/√वन् ‘to desire, seek, love’ (Vedic: ‘lovely, desirable, excellent’)

• वाजिनः: of the prize-winner; of the strong one
• वाजिनः: षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वाजिन्- (प्रातिपदिक) < वाज- ‘prize, strength, food; victory’

• येन: by which; with which
• येन: करण (instrumental)
• Type: Relative pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• जनाः: people
• जनाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन- (प्रातिपदिक)

• उभये: both (kinds), both sides
• उभये: कर्म
• Type: Adjective (substantivized)
• Root: उभय- (प्रातिपदिक)

• भुञ्जते: enjoy, partake
• भुञ्जते: क्रिया (with कर्तृ ‘जनाः’ and कर्म ‘उभये’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भुज् (भुनक्ति/भुङ्क्ते) ‘to enjoy, partake, use’

• विशः: clans, peoples
• विशः: कर्तृ (समानााधिकरण with जनाः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश्- (प्रातिपदिक) ‘clan, people, settlements’