Rig Veda 10.97.17 — Mandala 10, Sukta 97, Mantra 17

Sukta 10.97

Rishi: Bhiṣaj (healer-seer) / Oṣadhi hymn tradition

Devata: Oṣadhayaḥ (descending healing powers)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अवपतन्तीरवदन्दिव ओषधयस्परि । यं जीवमश्नवामहै न स रिष्याति पूरुषः ॥

Transliteration

avá-patantīr avadan divá oṣádhayaḥ pári | yáṃ jīváṃ aśnávāmahai ná sá riṣyāti pū́ruṣaḥ ||

Translation

Falling down from heaven, the healing powers spread all around. Whom we reach and take into the living current, that person is not harmed—he does not fall into injury.

Word by Word

• अव: down; away; forth (preverb)
• अव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अव (उपसर्ग) अव (प्रातिपदिक/अव्यय)

• पतन्तीः: (they) flying/falling down
• पतन्तीः: Kartā
• Type: Participle (Adjective/Noun-like)
• Root: पत् (धातु) → पतन्ती (वर्तमान-कृदन्त)

• अवत्: they spoke/uttered
• अवत्: Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया) / Kartṛ-kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव (उपसर्ग) + वद् (धातु)

• दिवः: of heaven; from the sky
• दिवः: Apādāna (स्रोत/उद्गम) / सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव्/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक: दिव्/द्यौ-)

• ओषधयः: the herbs/plants
• ओषधयः: Kartā (सम्बन्ध: पतन्तीः/अवत्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओषधि (प्रातिपदिक)

• परि: around; all about; forth (preverb)
• परि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• यम्: whom/which
• यम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• जीवम्: living; alive
• जीवम्: Karma (विशेष्य-विशेषणभाव)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जीव (प्रातिपदिक)

• अश्नवामहै: we attain; we obtain
• अश्नवामहै: Kriyā (उपवाक्य-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अश् (धातु: अश्नुते ‘प्राप्नोति/अश्नोति’)

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)

• सः: he; that (person)
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• रिष्यति: is harmed; perishes; suffers injury
• रिष्यति: Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रिष् (धातु: रिष्यति ‘हानिं गच्छति/विपद्यते’)

• पूरुषः: the man; the person
• पूरुषः: Kartā/अधिकरण-सम्बन्ध (सः = पूरुषः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूरुष (प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक रूप ‘पूरुष’ = ‘पुरुष’)