Rig Veda 10.70.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 70, Mantra 2

Sukta 10.70

Rishi: Traditionally Vādhryaśva (within RV 10.70 opening sequence)

Devata: Narāśaṃsa (often Agni’s functionary aspect), with R̥ta as governing principle

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ देवानामग्रयावेह यातु नराशंसो विश्वरूपेभिरश्वैः । ऋतस्य पथा नमसा मियेधो देवेभ्यो देवतमः सुषूदत् ॥

Transliteration

ā́ devā́nām agrayā́veha yātu narā́śaṃso viśvárūpebhir áśvaiḥ | ṛtásya pathā́ námasā miyédho devébhyo devátamaḥ susū́dat ||

Translation

Let Narāśaṃsa, the leader in the advance of the gods, come here with steeds of all forms. By the path of R̥ta, with reverence, may the consecrated one—most divine among the divine powers—set them well in their seats within us.

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Word by Word

• आ: hither, forth (towards)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)

• देवानाम्: of the gods
• देवानाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्रयाय: to the foremost (one)
• अग्रयाय: सम्प्रदान (recipient/goal)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अग्रय (प्रातिपदिक; ‘foremost/leading’)

• इह: here
• इह: अधिकरण (locative sense)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)

• यातु: let (him) come/go
• यातु: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु) / yā ‘to go’

• नराशंसः: Narāśaṃsa (the men-praised one)
• नराशंसः: कर्ता
• Type: Noun (proper/epithet)
• Root: नराशंस (प्रातिपदिक; epithet of Agni/ritual priest)

• विश्व-रूपेभिः: with all-formed (variegated)
• विश्व-रूपेभिः: करण (means/association)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्वरूप (प्रातिपदिक; ‘all-formed, of all forms’)

• अश्वैः: with horses
• अश्वैः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋतस्य: of ṛta (cosmic order/rite)
• ऋतस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत (प्रातिपदिक)

• पथा: by/along the path
• पथा: करण (instrumental: ‘by/along the path’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पथ (प्रातिपदिक)

• नमसा: with reverence, by homage
• नमसा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: नमस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• मियेधः: Miyedha (the bountiful one)
• मियेधः: कर्ता (co-referential with subject)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (epithet)
• Root: मियेध (प्रातिपदिक; epithet ‘bountiful/munificent’, often of Agni)

• देवेभ्यः: to the gods
• देवेभ्यः: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवत॑मः: the most divine
• देवत॑मः: कर्ता (apposition to subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: देवत॑म (प्रातिपदिक; superlative of देव ‘most divine’)

• सुषूदत्: impelled/urged (well), set in motion
• सुषूदत्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: सू (धातु) / sū ‘to impel, set in motion, bring forth’ + सु- (prefix)