Rig Veda 10.53.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 53, Mantra 2

Sukta 10.53

Rishi: Agni/Hotṛ-centered voice representing the sacrificers

Devata: Yajñiyāḥ Devāḥ (the gods worthy of sacrifice); Agni implied as officiant

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; requires metrical verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अराधि होता निषदा यजीयानभि प्रयांसि सुधितानि हि ख्यत् । यजामहै यज्ञियान्हन्त देवाँ ईळामहा ईड्याँ आज्येन ॥

Transliteration

arā́dhi hotā́ niṣádā yajī́yān abhí prayā́ṃsi sudhítāni hí khyát | yajā́mahai yajñiyā́n hánta devā́n īḷā́mahai īḍyā́n ā́jyena ||

Translation

The Hotṛ has attained (his aim); seated, more fit to sacrifice, he makes the well-set offerings manifest. Come then—let us sacrifice to the gods worthy of the yajña; let us adore the adorable powers with the clarified richness (ā́jya): with a mind made lucid and generous.

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Word by Word

• अरा॑धि: accomplish / be successful; prosper (in the rite)
• अरा॑धि: (मुख्य क्रिया) विधेय
• Type: Verb
• Root: राध् (√rādh ‘to succeed, accomplish; to propitiate’)

• होता॑: O Hotṛ (sacrificial priest)
• होता॑: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: होतृ (prātipadika; from √हु ‘to sacrifice, offer’)

• नि॒षद॑: sit down
• नि॒षद॑: (मुख्य क्रिया) विधेय
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-√सद् (√sad ‘to sit’)

• यजी॑यान्: more worshipful / most worthy to be worshipped
• यजी॑यान्: कर्म (यजामहै इत्यस्य)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यजीयस् (comparative adj.; from यज्य ‘worthy of worship’ < √यज्)

• अ॒भि: towards, unto
• अ॒भि: (उपसर्ग/दिशा) क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि

• प्रयां॑सि: offerings
• प्रयां॑सि: कर्म (ख्यत् इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रयांस् (n. prātipadika; ‘offerings, gifts/oblations’)

• सु॒धि॑तानि: well-arranged / well-prepared
• सु॒धि॑तानि: कर्मविशेषण
• Type: Participle (Adjective)
• Root: सु-√धा (PPP ‘well-placed/arranged’; √धा ‘to place’)

• हि: for, indeed
• हि: निपात (हेतु/बल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• ख्यत्: has appeared / becomes manifest
• ख्यत्: (मुख्य क्रिया) विधेय
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ख्या (to appear, become manifest; to be seen/known)

• यजा॑महै: we worship / we sacrifice
• यजा॑महै: (मुख्य क्रिया) विधेय
• Type: Verb
• Root: √यज् (to worship, sacrifice)

• य॒ज्ञिया॑न्: worthy of worship
• य॒ज्ञिया॑न्: कर्मविशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यज्ञिय (adj. ‘sacrificial, worthy of sacrifice’ < √यज्)

• हन्त: come! / indeed!
• हन्त: निपात (उद्बोधन/प्रोत्साहन)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हन्त (Vedic particle; also used as interjection)

• दे॒वान्: the gods
• दे॒वान्: कर्म (यजामहै इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (prātipadika)

• ईळा॑महा: we praise / we invoke
• ईळा॑महा: (मुख्य क्रिया) विधेय
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ईळ्/ईड् (Vedic ‘to praise, invoke’)

• ईड्या॑न्: praiseworthy
• ईड्या॑न्: कर्मविशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ईड्य (adj. ‘praiseworthy, to be invoked’ < √ईळ्/ईड्)

• आज्ये॑न: with ghee
• आज्ये॑न: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: आज्य (n. prātipadika ‘clarified butter, ghee’)