Rig Veda 10.5.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 5, Mantra 2
Sukta 10.5
Rishi: Dīrghatamas Āucathya (traditional)
Devata: R̥ta / hidden cosmic powers (enigmatic; seer-centered)
Chandas: Jagatī (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
समानं नीळं वृषणो वसानाः सं जग्मिरे महिषा अर्वतीभिः । ऋतस्य पदं कवयो नि पान्ति गुहा नामानि दधिरे पराणि ॥
Transliteration
samānáṃ nīḷáṃ vṛ́ṣaṇo vásānāḥ sáṃ jagmiré mahiṣā́ arvatī́bhiḥ | ṛtásya padáṃ kaváyo ní pānti guhā́ nā́māni dadhire párāṇi ||
Translation
Clothing themselves in the same nest, the mighty males have come together with their coursers. The seers guard the step of R̥ta; in secrecy they have placed the supreme names.
Word by Word
समानम्the same
समानम्:
कर्म (विशेष्य-नीळम्) / विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootसमान- (प्रातिपदिक) < सम (PIE *sem- ‘one, same’)
नीळम्nest; resting-place (lair)
नीळम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootनीळ- (प्रातिपदिक)
वृषणःthe bulls; the vigorous ones
वृषणः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootवृषन्- (प्रातिपदिक) < √वृष् ‘to rain, be strong’
वसानाःwearing; clothed
वसानाः:
कर्तृ (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
TypeParticiple (Adjective)
Root√वस् (वस्/वस) ‘to wear, clothe’ → वसान (कृदन्त)
सम्together
सम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
जग्मिरेthey have gone; they came together
जग्मिरे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√गम् ‘to go’
महिषाःbuffaloes; mighty ones
महिषाः:
कर्तृ (वृषणः इत्यस्य समन्वय/अप्पोजिशन)
TypeNoun
Rootमहिष- (प्रातिपदिक)
अर्वतीभिःwith mares; with swift ones
अर्वतीभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootअर्वती- (प्रातिपदिक) < अर्वत् ‘steed, horse’
ऋतस्यof ṛta (cosmic order/truth)
ऋतस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत- (प्रातिपदिक)
पदम्the step; track; place
पदम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootपद- (प्रातिपदिक)
कवयःthe seers; poets
कवयः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootकवि- (प्रातिपदिक)
निdown; in
नि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
पान्तिthey protect; they guard
पान्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√पा ‘to protect’
गुहाin secret; hiddenly
गुहा:
अधिकारण (गुप्ते/अन्तः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootगुहा (अव्यय/निपात; ‘in secret’) < गुह्/गुह्य ‘hidden’
नामानिnames
नामानि:
कर्म (दधिरे इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootनामन्- (प्रातिपदिक)
दधिरेthey have placed; they set
दधिरे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√धा ‘to put, place’
पराणिfar; remote; beyond
पराणि:
कर्म (नामानि इत्यस्य विशेषण)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootपर- (प्रातिपदिक) → पराणि (नपुंसक बहुवचन; ‘remote/other’)
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