Rig Veda 1.81.4 — Mandala 1, Sukta 81, Mantra 4

Sukta 1.81

Rishi: Gautama Rāhūgaṇa (traditionally)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

क्रत्वा महाँ अनुष्वधं भीम आ वावृधे शवः । श्रिय ऋष्व उपाकयोर्नि शिप्री हरिवान्दधे हस्तयोर्वज्रमायसम् ॥

Transliteration

kratvā mahāṃ anu-svadhaṃ bhīma ā vāvṛdhe śavaḥ | śriya ṛṣva upākayor ni śiprī hari-vān dadhe hastayor vajram āyasam ||

Translation

Great by the power of discerning will, formidable, he has grown in force according to his own self-law. For the splendour he sets the bright adornment upon his cheeks; the lord of the tawny steeds places in his hands the iron thunderbolt.

Word by Word

• क्रत्वा: by (his) resolve/power of will
• क्रत्वा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रतु-

• महान्: great
• महान्: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्-

• अनुष्वधम्: according to (his) own nature; in due course
• अनुष्वधम्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु-स्वधम् (अव्यय) / स्वधा-

• भीमः: terrible, awe-inspiring
• भीमः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भीम-

• आ: forth; up; (intensifier with verb)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• वावृधे: has grown; has increased
• वावृधे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृध् (वर्धने)

• शवः: strength, might
• शवः: Kartā/Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शवस्-

• श्रिये: for splendor/beauty
• श्रिये: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री-

• ऋष्वः: lofty, exalted
• ऋष्वः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋष्व-

• उपाकयोः: on/at the two cheek(-regions)
• उपाकयोः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपाक-

• नि: down; in; (with verb: firmly)
• नि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• शिप्री: the nose/face-ornament (epithetic feature)
• शिप्री: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिप्री-

• हरिवान्: having the tawny steeds
• हरिवान्: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हरिवन्त्-

• दधे: has placed; has put on
• दधे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धा (धारणे)

• हस्तयोः: in/on the two hands
• हस्तयोः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: हस्त-

• वज्रम्: the thunderbolt
• वज्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वज्र-

• आयसम्: of metal; iron(-made)
• आयसम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आयस-