Rig Veda 1.81.1: Mandala 1, Sukta 81, Mantra 1

Sukta 1.81

Rishi: Gautama Rāhūgaṇa (traditionally for RV 1.81)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

इन्द्रो मदाय वावृधे शवसे वृत्रहा नृभिः । तमिन्महत्स्वाजिषूतेमर्भे हवामहे स वाजेषु प्र नोऽविषत् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.81.1

Transliteration

indro madāya vāvṛdhe śavase vṛtra-hā nṛbhiḥ | tam in mahat-sv ājiṣūtem arbhe havāmahe sa vājeṣu pra no 'viṣat ||

Translation

Indra grows for the rapture and for the force, the slayer of the Coverer, with the help of the heroic. Him we call in the great battles and also in the small; may he come forward to us in the plenitudes of power and protect us.

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Word by Word

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• मदाय: for exhilaration / for intoxication (of soma)
• मदाय: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद (प्रातिपदिक)

• वावृधे: has grown / has become strong
• वावृधे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृध् (धातु)

• शवसे: for strength / for might
• शवसे: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: शवस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वृत्रहा: Vṛtra-slayer
• वृत्रहा: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: वृत्रहन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• नृभिः: with men / with heroes
• नृभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्: indeed / just
• इन्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इन् (निपात)

• महत्: great
• महत्: कर्म (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्वाजिषूतिम्: having good impelling in the contest / of good battle-aid
• स्वाजिषूतिम्: कर्म (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: स्वाजिषूति (प्रातिपदिक; स्व- + आजि + सूति)

• अर्भे: in the small (rite/occasion) / in the lesser (need)
• अर्भे: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्भ (प्रातिपदिक)

• हवामहे: we invoke / we call upon
• हवामहे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: ह्वा (धातु)

• सः: he
• सः: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वाजेषु: in prizes / in contests
• वाजेषु: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्र: forth / forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• नः: of us / our
• नः: सम्बन्ध (अधिकार/हित)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अविशत्: entered / came to (our aid)
• अविशत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव् + विश् (धातु)