Rig Veda 1.7.6: Mandala 1, Sukta 7, Mantra 6

Sukta 1.7

Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra (traditional attribution for RV 1.1–1.11; for RV 1.7 also commonly Vaiśvāmitra)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Gāyatrī (3 pādas of 8 syllables; typical for early Indra hymns in Mandala 1)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

स नो वृषन्नमुं चरुं सत्रादावन्नपा वृधि । अस्मभ्यमप्रतिष्कुतः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.7.6

Transliteration

sá no vṛ́ṣann amúṃ carúṃ satrā́-dāvan ápā vṛdhi | asmábhyam áprati-skutaḥ ||

Translation

O Bull of force (Indra), giver without pause, increase for us that beloved offering-essence; enlarge it away from all diminution—towards us—O thou whom none can turn back or refuse.

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Word by Word

• स: him (that one)
• स: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (स- pronominal stem)

• नः: of us / for us
• नः: सम्प्रदान (हितार्थे) / सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• वृषन्: O mighty one (bull)
• वृषन्: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative used as epithet)
• Root: वृषन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bull, mighty one’)

• अमुम्: that (yonder)
• अमुम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अदस् (amu- demonstrative stem)

• चरुम्: the charu-offering (sacrificial porridge)
• चरुम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: चरु (प्रातिपदिक; sacrificial porridge/oblation)

• सत्रादावन्: O giver continually/at all times
• सत्रादावन्: सम्बोधन
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: सत्रादावन् (बहुव्रीहि/उपपद-समास; sattrā + dāvan < √दा ‘to give’)

• अप: away, forth (as a particle)
• अप: उपसर्ग/निपात (क्रियाविशेषणार्थ)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अप (निपात)

• वृधि: increase! / make grow!
• वृधि: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृध् (वर्धते/वर्धयति) ‘to grow, increase’

• अस्मभ्यम्: to us / for us
• अस्मभ्यम्: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• अप्रतिष्कुतः: unrepulsed, not driven back (irresistible)
• अप्रतिष्कुतः: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण) / कर्ता-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ- + प्रति- + √स्कु/√स्कुन्द्? (Vedic ‘to repel/ward off’; adjectival formation in -त (past/passive/possessive sense))