Rig Veda 1.5.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 5, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.5
Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra (traditional attribution for RV 1.1–1.11; RV 1.5 commonly ascribed to him)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Gāyatrī (3 pādas of 8 syllables; here a typical gāyatrī-form invocation/command)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यस्य संस्थे न वृण्वते हरी समत्सु शत्रवः । तस्मा इन्द्राय गायत ॥
Transliteration
yásya saṃsthé na vṛṇvate hárī samátsu śátravāḥ | táσμαi índrāya gāyata ||
Translation
Sing to that Indra in whose firm station the hostile powers, even in the clash of inner battles, cannot seize or check the two mighty steeds—those twin energies of luminous force that carry the soul’s will forward.
Word by Word
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
संस्थेin the encounter/stand (battle-position)
संस्थे:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootसंस्था (प्रातिपदिक; सं-√स्था)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
वृण्वतेthey choose
वृण्वते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√वृ (वृणोति ‘choose, prefer’)
हरीthe two bay horses
हरी:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootहरि (प्रातिपदिक)
समत्सुin battles
समत्सु:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootसमत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘battle’)
शत्रवःenemies
शत्रवः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
तस्मैto him
तस्मै:
सम्प्रदान
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रायto Indra
इन्द्राय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
गायतsing (you all)!
गायत:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√गै (गायति ‘sing’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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