Rig Veda 1.140.6: Mandala 1, Sukta 140, Mantra 6

Sukta 1.140

Rishi: Kaṇva lineage (traditional; verify)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Jagatī or Triṣṭubh (uncertain; verify)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

भूषन्न योऽधि बभ्रूषु नम्नते वृषेव पत्नीरभ्येति रोरुवत् । ओजायमानस्तन्वश्च शुम्भते भीमो न शृङ्गा दविधाव दुर्गृभिः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.140.6

Transliteration

bhūṣan na yo adhi babhrūṣu namnate vṛṣā-iva patnīr abhy eti roruvat | ojāyamānas tanvaś ca śumbhate bhīmo na śṛṅgā davidhāva duḥ-gṛbhiḥ ||

Translation

Adorning, he bends over the tawny forms; like a bull he approaches the wives, roaring. Growing in strength he beautifies his bodies; formidable, like horns, he drives on with hard graspings.

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Word by Word

• भूषन्: O Pūṣan
• भूषन्: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (proper/epithet)
• Root: भूषण् (प्रातिपदिक; संबोधन-रूप)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अधि: upon, over
• अधि: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/preposition)
• Root: अधि

• बभ्रूषु: on the eyebrows (brow-ridges)
• बभ्रूषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: बभ्रूषु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘भ्रू’/‘भ्रूषु’ = भौंह/भ्रू-प्रदेश; बहुवचन-आधार)

• नम्नते: bows, bends
• नम्नते: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: नम्

• वृषा: a bull
• वृषा: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• पत्नीः: wives
• पत्नीः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पत्नी (प्रातिपदिक)

• अभि: towards
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/preposition)
• Root: अभि

• एति: goes, approaches
• एति: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: इ

• रोरुवत्: roaring
• रोरुवत्: Kartā (qualifier)
• Type: Verbal adjective (present participial in -वत्)
• Root: रु (Intensive/Reduplicated stem रोरु-)

• ओजायमानः: growing strong, waxing in might
• ओजायमानः: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: ओजाय (denom. from ओजस्) / ओजायते

• तन्वः: of (his) body, in body
• तन्वः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तनू (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• शुम्भते: adorns himself, shines
• शुम्भते: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: शुभ्

• भीमः: terrible
• भीमः: Kartā (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भीम (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• शृङ्गा: horns
• शृङ्गा: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शृङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)

• दविधाव: has rushed, has run forth
• दविधाव: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: धाव् (with preverb दवि- as Vedic intensifier/iterative nuance)

• दुर्गृभिः: with hard-graspers / with difficult-to-hold (ones)
• दुर्गृभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun/Adjective (collective epithet)
• Root: दुर्गृभि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दुर्-गृभि’ = hard to seize/with bad grasp; instrumental plural)