Rig Veda 9.1.2: Mandala 9, Sukta 1, Mantra 2
Sukta 9.1
Rishi: Madhucchandas (traditional; see Anukramaṇī)
Devata: Soma Pavamāna
Chandas: Gāyatrī
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
रक्षोहा विश्वचर्षणिरभि योनिमयोहतम् । द्रुणा सधस्थमासदत् ॥
Transliteration
rakṣó-hā viśvá-carṣaṇir abhí yónim áyo-hatam | druṇā́ sadha-sthám ā́ asadat ||
Translation
Slayer of the dark devourers, belonging to all peoples, he takes his seat upon the womb—firm as if smitten into iron—establishing himself on the common foundation: the secure base where the purified delight can work without obstruction.
Word by Word
रक्षोहाthe slayer of demons (Rakṣas)
रक्षोहा:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootरक्षस्- (प्रातिपदिक) + हन् (धातु ‘हन्’ = हनने) → बहुव्रीहि/उपपद-समास ‘रक्षः-हन्’
विश्वचर्षणिःbelonging to/acting for all peoples; all-men’s (protector)
विश्वचर्षणिः:
कर्तृ (समनाधिकरण-विशेषणम् रक्षोहा) অথবা विशेषण
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootविश्व- (प्रातिपदिक) + चर्षणि- (प्रातिपदिक ‘चर्षणि’ = जन/मनुष्य/प्रजा) → कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष समास
अभिtowards, unto
अभि:
(क्रियाविशेषण) गत्यर्थ-सम्बन्धः
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/preposition)
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
योनिम्womb; source; seat; abode
योनिम्:
कर्म (अभि-गमनस्य लक्ष्यः)
TypeNoun
Rootयोनि- (प्रातिपदिक)
अयोहतम्iron-smitten/iron-struck; (i.e., armed with iron, or smiting with iron)
अयोहतम्:
कर्तृ (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective (kṛdanta-based, used as epithet)
Rootअयस्- (प्रातिपदिक ‘iron’) + हत (कृदन्त, √हन् ‘to strike/kill’) → बहुव्रीहि ‘अयः-हत’
द्रुणाwith a wooden (vessel/implement); by means of wood
द्रुणा:
करण
TypeNoun (instrumental)
Rootद्रु- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘wood, tree’) → द्रुणा (करण-तृतीया एकवचन; ‘with/through a wooden (vessel/implement)’)
सधस्थम्the common seat; the assembly-place; the ritual seat
सधस्थम्:
कर्म (आसदत्—प्राप्तव्यं स्थानम्)
TypeNoun
Rootसध- (प्रातिपदिक ‘together’) + स्थ (प्रातिपदिक ‘standing/place’) → सधस्थ- (प्रातिपदिक ‘common seat/assembly-place’)
आसदत्he sat down; he approached and took his seat
आसदत्:
क्रिया (कर्तृ: रक्षोहा/विश्वचर्षणिः)
TypeVerb
Root√सद् (सीदति/सद् ‘to sit, settle, approach’) with उपसर्ग आ-
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