Rig Veda 9.1.3 — Mandala 9, Sukta 1, Mantra 3

Sukta 9.1

Rishi: Madhucchandas (traditional)

Devata: Soma Pavamāna (as power that opens space and enables Indraic victory)

Chandas: Gāyatrī

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वरिवोधातमो भव मंहिष्ठो वृत्रहन्तमः । पर्षि राधो मघोनाम् ॥

Transliteration

varivo-dhā́tamo bhava maṃhíṣṭho vṛtrahán-tamaḥ | párṣi rā́dho maghónām ||

Translation

Become for us the best establisher of wide space; be the most bountiful, the most puissant slayer of the obstructer. Carry across to us the riches of the givers—those inner plenitudes that sustain the soul’s journey.

Word by Word

• वरिवोधातमः: most bestowing wide space/room; most granting free course
• वरिवोधातमः: सम्बोधन/विशेषण (हे सोम)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वरिवस् (प्रातिपदिक) + धा (धातु) → वरिवो-धा (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• भव: be; become
• भव: क्रिया (आज्ञा) — कर्ता: त्वम् (सोम)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)

• मंहिष्ठः: most bountiful; most generous
• मंहिष्ठः: सम्बोधन/विशेषण (हे सोम)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मंह (प्रातिपदिक ‘उदार/प्रचुर’)

• वृत्रहन्तमः: most Vṛtra-slaying; greatest slayer of the obstructer
• वृत्रहन्तमः: सम्बोधन/विशेषण (हे सोम)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृत्रहन् (प्रातिपदिक: वृत्र + हन् ‘to slay’)

• पर्षि: carry across; bring; bestow
• पर्षि: क्रिया (आज्ञा) — कर्ता: त्वम् (सोम)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पॄ/पृ (धातु ‘to carry across, bring over, convey’)

• राधः: wealth; bounty; gift
• राधः: कर्म (पर्षि इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राधस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• मघोनाम्: of the bountiful ones; of the patrons
• मघोनाम्: सम्बन्ध (राधः—कस्य? मघोनाम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मघवन् (प्रातिपदिक ‘bountiful, wealthy patron’)