Rig Veda 8.4.3: Mandala 8, Sukta 4, Mantra 3

Sukta 8.4

Rishi: Kaṇva (Kaṇva lineage; Kaṇvāḥ)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Jagatī (probable; needs verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यथा गौरो अपा कृतं तृष्यन्नेत्यवेरिणम् । आपित्वे नः प्रपित्वे तूयमा गहि कण्वेषु सु सचा पिब ॥

Transliteration

yáthā gaúro apā́ kṛtáṃ tṛ́ṣyann éty avérīṇam | ā́pitve naḥ prapítve tū́yam ā́ gahi kaṇvéṣu sú sácā píba ||

Translation

As the pale-gold one, thirsting, goes to the water made ready, to the unfailing stream—so come swiftly to our approach and our full meeting; among the Kaṇvas drink in close companionship: let the inner delight be satisfied.

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Word by Word

• यथा: just as
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (avyaya)

• गौरः: a bull (lit. ‘the tawny/bright one’, i.e., bull)
• गौरः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक: गो/गौ-)

• अपाः: waters
• अपाः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक: अप् ‘water’)

• कृतम्: made, prepared
• कृतम्: Karma (as object/complement) / Predicative
• Type: Participle
• Root: कृ (धातु) → कृत (कृदन्त)

• तृष्यन्: thirsting
• तृष्यन्: Kartā (qualifying ‘गौरः’)
• Type: Participle
• Root: तृष् (धातु) → तृष्यत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• एति: goes
• एति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: इ (धातु)

• अवेरिणम्: to the non-hostile (one), to the un-envious
• अवेरिणम्: Karma (goal/object with ‘एति’ in sense ‘goes to’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-वेरिन् (प्रातिपदिक; वेरिन् ‘hostile/envious’ with privative अ-)

• आपित्वे: in companionship, in close association
• आपित्वे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: आ-पि-त्व (प्रातिपदिक: आपित्व ‘companionship/being together; intimacy’)

• नः: of us / our
• नः: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• प्रपित्वे: in (further) fellowship / in approach
• प्रपित्वे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्र-पि-त्व (प्रातिपदिक: प्रपित्व ‘further companionship/advance fellowship; approach’)

• तूयम्: swiftly
• तूयम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तूयम् (avyaya)

• आ: hither, towards (us)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• गहि: come
• गहि: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु) (Vedic impv. formation)

• कण्वेषु: among the Kaṇvas
• कण्वेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: कण्व (प्रातिपदिक; ऋषि-नाम)

• सु: well
• सु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सु (avyaya)

• सचा: together (with)
• सचा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सच (avyaya; instr.-like adverb ‘together with’)

• पिब: drink
• पिब: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: पा (धातु)