Varaha Purana 8.9: Adhyaya 8, Shloka 9

Dialogue on the Ethical Limits of Subsistence and the Five Great Sacrifices

Dharmavyādha, Mātaṅga, and Prasanna

Devanagari script

एवं सञ्चिन्त्य मातङ्गः प्रसन्नं प्रति सोद्यतः । उवाच तस्य पितरं प्रसन्नायार्ज्जुनीं भवान् । गृहाण तपतां श्रेष्ठ स्वयं दत्तां महात्मने ॥ ८.९ ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 8.9

Transliteration

evaṃ saṃcintya mātaṅgaḥ prasannaṃ prati sodyataḥ | uvāca tasya pitaraṃ prasannāyārjunīṃ bhavān | gṛhāṇa tapatāṃ śreṣṭha svayaṃ dattāṃ mahātmane || 8.9 ||

Translation

ครั้นไตร่ตรองดังนี้ มตังคะจึงรีบเข้าไปหาประสันนะ แล้วกล่าวแก่บิดาของเขาว่า “ข้าแต่ผู้ประเสริฐในหมู่นักบำเพ็ญตบะ ขอท่านจงรับ ‘อรชุนี’ ผู้ยินดีพร้อม ซึ่งข้ามอบให้ด้วยตนเอง เพื่อมหาตมะประสันนะ”

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Word by Word

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, manner-adverb

• सञ्चिन्त्य: having reflected
• सञ्चिन्त्य: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam + cint (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund/absolutive), √चिन्त् with उपसर्ग सम्; ‘having thought well’

• मातङ्गः: Mataṅga
• मातङ्गः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mataṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• प्रसन्नम्: Prasanna
• प्रसन्नम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prasanna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; proper name used as substantive

• प्रति: towards
• प्रति: Gati (गति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: prati (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, ‘towards’ (accusative-governing)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• उद्यतः: ready/intent
• उद्यतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ud + yat (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; √यत् (to strive) with उपसर्ग उद्; ‘ready/intent’

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; √वच् (to speak)

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• पितरम्: father
• पितरम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitar (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• प्रसन्नाय: to Prasanna
• प्रसन्नाय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prasanna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/dative), एकवचन; proper name

• अर्जुनीम्: Arjunī (the maiden)
• अर्जुनीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: arjunī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; proper name (the girl)

• भवान्: you (sir)
• भवान्: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhavat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (honorific 2nd person), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; संबोधनार्थे आदरप्रयोग

• गृहाण: accept/take
• गृहाण: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: grah (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; √ग्रह् (to take/accept)

• तपताम्: of ascetics
• तपताम्: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tapasvin/tapat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/genitive), बहुवचन; ‘of ascetics’ (tapatām = of those who perform tapas)

• श्रेष्ठ: O best (one)
• श्रेष्ठ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śreṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, संबोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन; superlative used in address

• स्वयम्: personally
• स्वयम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: svayam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, आत्मार्थक (reflexive adverb)

• दत्ताम्: given
• दत्ताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dā (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; agrees with अर्जुनीम्

• महात्मने: to the great-souled (man)
• महात्मने: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (महान् आत्मा), पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/dative), एकवचन

Speaker

Mātaṅga

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Narrative
• Sanskrit Philology
• Cultural Heritage

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It preserves a Purāṇic narrative formula in which social alliances and ethical legitimacy are framed through consent (prasannā) and formal transfer (dattā), reflecting how later Sanskrit texts encode customary norms within story cycles.

Which geographic location is identified?

No geographic toponym appears in this verse; the passage is primarily interpersonal and ritual-social rather than site-specific.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse foregrounds deliberation (saṃcintya) and consensual disposition (prasannā) as prerequisites for a socially consequential act of giving/acceptance (gṛhāṇa, dattām), emphasizing responsible decision-making within established norms.