Varaha Purana 34.7: Adhyaya 34, Shloka 7

Account of the Origin of the Ancestors (Pitṛs) and the Regulations for Śrāddha Offerings

Devanagari script

अग्निं पुरस्कृतो यैस्तु ते द्विजा अग्निहोत्रिणः । नित्यैर्नैमित्तिकैः काम्यैः पार्वणैस्तर्पयन्तु तान् ॥ ३४.७ ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 34.7

Transliteration

agniṃ puraskṛto yais tu te dvijā agnihotriṇaḥ | nityair naimittikaiḥ kāmyaiḥ pārvaṇais tarpayantu tān || 34.7 ||

Translation

เหล่าทวิชผู้ตั้งไฟบูชาไว้เบื้องหน้า คือผู้รักษาอัคนิโหตระ พึงทำให้ปิตฤเหล่านั้นอิ่มเอิบด้วยกรรมทั้งนิตย์ นัยมิตติกะ กามยะ และด้วยเครื่องบูชาปารวณะ

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Word by Word

• अग्निम्: Agni; fire
• अग्निम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine)

• पुरः-कृताः: having placed (Agni) in front; with fire as the foremost
• पुरः-कृताः: कर्ता (Subject-qualifier/कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुरः (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + कृ (धातु) + कृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त/PPP)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास ('having placed in front') + क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP), प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine); विशेषणम् (qualifying ते द्विजाः)

• यैः: by whom
• यैः: करण (Instrument/means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), बहुवचन (Plural), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine)

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: वाक्यालङ्कार (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: निपात (contrastive particle)

• ते: they
• ते: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine)

• द्विजाः: twice-born (Brahmins)
• द्विजाः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), बहुवचन (Plural), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine)

• अग्निहोत्रिणः: performers of the agnihotra
• अग्निहोत्रिणः: कर्ता (Apposition to subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्निहोत्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine); विशेष्य-सम्बन्धे (appositional)

• नित्यैः: with regular (rites)
• नित्यैः: करण (Instrument/means)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), बहुवचन (Plural), पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसक (agreeing with implied कर्माणि/श्राद्धानि)

• नैमित्तिकैः: with occasional (rites)
• नैमित्तिकैः: करण (Instrument/means)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नैमित्तिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), बहुवचन (Plural), पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसक (agreeing with implied कर्माणि/श्राद्धानि)

• काम्यैः: with desire-motivated (rites)
• काम्यैः: करण (Instrument/means)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: काम्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), बहुवचन (Plural), पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसक (agreeing with implied कर्माणि/श्राद्धानि)

• पार्वणैः: with parva-related (monthly/fortnightly) rites
• पार्वणैः: करण (Instrument/means)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पार्वण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), बहुवचन (Plural), पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसक (agreeing with implied कर्माणि/श्राद्धानि)

• तर्पयन्तु: let them satisfy/offer libations to
• तर्पयन्तु: क्रिया (Commanded action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तृप्/तर्प् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद

• तान्: them (those ancestors)
• तान्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), बहुवचन (Plural), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine)

Speaker

Varāha (default speaker per dialogue framework)

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Studies
• Vedic Ritualism
• Vaishnavism

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It preserves a classical taxonomy of ritual action—nitya (regular), naimittika (occasion-based), and kāmya (goal-oriented)—and links it to pitṛ-tarpaṇa, reflecting how Purāṇic literature systematizes and transmits earlier ritual categories within a broader cultural-heritage framework.

Which geographic location is identified?

No specific geographic location is named in this verse; the focus is on ritual procedure (agnihotra and pārvana offerings) rather than a pilgrimage site or sacred landscape.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse emphasizes disciplined continuity in cultural practice: those maintaining the sacred fire are instructed to perform structured offerings that acknowledge intergenerational responsibility through established rites.