Varaha Purana 156.4: Adhyaya 156, Shloka 4

The Manifest Sacred Landscape of Mathurā: Merits of Vatsakrīḍanaka, Bhāṇḍīraka, Vṛndāvana, Keśītīrtha, and the Sūrya-Tīrthas

Devanagari script

सालैस्तालैश्च तरुभिस्तमालैरर्जुनैस्तथा ॥ इङ्गुदैः पीलुकैश्चैव करीैरक्तपुष्पकैः ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 156.4

Transliteration

sālaiḥ tālaiś ca tarubhis tamālair arjunais tathā || iṅgudaiḥ pīlukaiś caiva karīrair aktapuṣpakaiḥ ||

Translation

สถานนั้นอุดมด้วยต้นศาละและตาล ทั้งต้นตมาละและอรชุน อีกทั้งต้นอิงคุทะและปีลุกะ และพุ่มกะรีระที่มีดอกสีแดง

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Word by Word

• sālaiḥ: with śāla trees
• sālaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• tālaiḥ: with palm trees
• tālaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), conjunction (समुच्चय)

• tarubhiḥ: with trees
• tarubhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: taru (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• tamālaiḥ: with tamāla trees
• tamālaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tamāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• arjunaiḥ: with arjuna trees
• arjunaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: arjuna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• tathā: likewise/also
• tathā: Avyaya (अव्यय-प्रयोग)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• iṅgudaiḥ: with iṅguda trees
• iṅgudaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: iṅguda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• pīlukaiḥ: with pīluka trees
• pīlukaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pīluka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), conjunction (समुच्चय)

• eva: indeed
• eva: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), emphatic particle (निश्चय/अवधारण)

• karīraiḥ: with karīra shrubs/trees
• karīraiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: karīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• rakta-puṣpakaiḥ: with red flowers
• rakta-puṣpakaiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rakta + puṣpaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); adjective qualifying karīraiḥ

Speaker

Varāha

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇa
• Ecological Narratives
• Ancient Botany

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It preserves an ecological snapshot through a botanical catalogue, useful for studying how Purāṇic texts encode environmental and regional identity.

Which geographic location is identified?

The verse continues the description of Bhāṇḍīraka, characterized by specific tree species rather than coordinates.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

Implicit valuation of the natural setting of heritage sites—sacred geography is presented as inseparable from ecological features.