Varaha Purana 152.44: Adhyaya 152, Shloka 44

Praise of the Sacred Geography of Mathurā

Devanagari script

तस्य कर्मशतं कृत्वा स्नात्वैव यमुनां नदीम्॥ नित्यं स यमुनां स्नाति चिरकालं दृढव्रतः॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 152.44

Transliteration

tasya karmaśataṁ kṛtvā snātvaiva yamunāṁ nadīm || nityaṁ sa yamunāṁ snāti cirakālaṁ dṛḍhavrataḥ ||

Translation

เขากระทำกิจแห่งกรรมและการปรนนิบัติครบหนึ่งร้อยแล้ว จึงอาบสนานในแม่น้ำยมุนา ด้วยปณิธานมั่นคง เขาสนานในยมุนาเป็นนิตย์ตลอดกาลยาวนาน

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Word by Word

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• कर्मशतम्: a hundred tasks
• कर्मशतम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् + शत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (determinative: ‘a hundred acts/works’)

• कृत्वा: having done
• कृत्वा: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Absolutive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), क्त्वा-प्रत्यय; ‘having done’

• स्नात्वा: having bathed
• स्नात्वा: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Absolutive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्ना (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), क्त्वा-प्रत्यय; ‘having bathed’

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-सम्बन्ध (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधारण-निपात (emphatic particle)

• यमुनाम्: Yamunā (river)
• यमुनाम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यमुना (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• नदीम्: the river
• नदीम्: कर्म (Karma/Object; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नदी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; यमुनायाः विशेषण/अप्पोजिशन

• नित्यम्: daily/always
• नित्यम्: कालाधिकरण (Temporal)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभाववत् क्रियाविशेषण)
• Form: अव्ययवत् प्रयोग (adverbial accusative), कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• यमुनाम्: Yamunā
• यमुनाम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यमुना (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• स्नाति: bathes
• स्नाति: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्ना (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• चिरकालम्: for a long time
• चिरकालम्: कालाधिकरण (Duration)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चिर + काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया-अत्यन्तसंयोग (accusative of duration), कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण

• दृढव्रतः: firm-vowed
• दृढव्रतः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; epithet)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दृढ + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि-समास (possessive: ‘one whose vow is firm’)

Speaker

Varāha

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Sacred Rivers
• Ritual Studies
• Ancient Geography

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It documents the Yamunā’s role as a central sacred river in Purāṇic pilgrimage culture and highlights long-term vow-based practice as a normative ideal.

Which geographic location is identified?

The Yamunā River, a major North Indian river associated with Mathurā-Vṛndāvana cultural landscapes.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

Consistency in discipline (nitya, dṛḍhavrata) is presented as a transformative practice, linking personal conduct with a sacred landscape.