Varaha Purana 10.74: Adhyaya 10, Shloka 74

The Threefold Division by the Guṇas, the Deities’ Attainment of Worship, and the Opening of the Durjaya Episode

Devanagari script

तपस्यन्तं महाभागं नाम्ना गौरमुखं शुभम् । ऋषिवृन्दस्य गोप्तारं त्रातारं पापिनः स्वयम् ॥ १०.७५ ॥

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 10.74

Transliteration

tapasyantaṁ mahābhāgaṁ nāmnā gauramukhaṁ śubham | ṛṣivṛndasya goptāraṁ trātāraṁ pāpinaḥ svayam || 10.75 ||

Translation

พระองค์ได้ทอดพระเนตรนักบำเพ็ญตบะผู้มีบุญยิ่ง นามว่า ‘คุรมุขะ’ อันเป็นมงคล ผู้พิทักษ์หมู่ฤๅษี และเป็นผู้กอบกู้แม้ผู้มีบาปด้วยตนเอง।

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• tapasyantam: performing austerities
• tapasyantam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: tapas (प्रातिपदिक) + car (धातु)
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ) of denominative/causative sense 'to practice tapas' (तपस्यति), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies muniṁ (from previous verse)

• mahā-bhāgam: very fortunate/noble
• mahā-bhāgam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā + bhāga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); karmadhāraya: 'greatly fortunate'

• nāmnā: by name
• nāmnā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nāman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); adverbial: 'by name'

• gaura-mukham: Gauramukha (name)
• gaura-mukham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gaura + mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); proper name; karmadhāraya: 'fair-faced'

• śubham: auspicious, good
• śubham: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śubha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with muni/gauramukham

• ṛṣi-vṛndasya: of the sages' group
• ṛṣi-vṛndasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛṣi + vṛnda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: 'of the group of sages'

• goptāram: protector
• goptāram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gup (धातु)
• Form: Agent noun in -tṛ (तृन्/तृ), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• trātāram: saviour
• trātāram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: trā (धातु)
• Form: Agent noun in -tṛ (तृन्/तृ), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• pāpinaḥ: of sinners
• pāpinaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāpin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठī), Plural (बहुवचन)

• svayam: himself
• svayam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: svayam (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), emphatic/reflexive adverb

Speaker

Varāha (default dialogue framework; speaker not explicit in excerpt)

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Narrative
• Vaishnavism
• Sanskrit Philology

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

The verse reflects a common Purāṇic literary motif: legitimizing ethical authority through tapas (austerity) and portraying certain ṛṣis as protectors of learned communities, which helped transmit norms and lineages in early Sanskrit cultural history.

Which geographic location is identified?

No geographic site is explicitly named in this verse; it focuses on the figure Gauramukha and his role among sages.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse foregrounds protective responsibility (goptṛtva) and compassionate rescue (trāṇa), presenting moral guardianship as an outcome of disciplined practice (tapas).