Rig Veda 8.86.5: Mandala 8, Sukta 86, Mantra 5

Sukta 8.86

Rishi: Viśvaka

Devata: Savitṛ (Savitā)

Chandas: Jagatī (12-syllable cadence typical for longer pādas; refrain-like closing)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ऋतेन देवः सविता शमायत ऋतस्य शृङ्गमुर्विया वि पप्रथे । ऋतं सासाह महि चित्पृतन्यतो मा नो वि यौष्टं सख्या मुमोचतम् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 8.86.5

Transliteration

ṛtena devaḥ savitā śamāyate ṛtasya śṛṅgam urviyā vi paprathe | ṛtaṃ sasāha mahi cit pṛtanyato mā no vi yauṣṭaṃ sakhyā mumocatam ||

Translation

ด้วยสัจจะ-ระเบียบ (Ṛta) เทพสวิตฤ (Savitṛ) จึงสงบและนำสันติ เขาได้แผ่ “เขาแห่ง Ṛta” ให้กว้างไกลในความเวิ้งว้างอันใหญ่หลวง เขาได้พิชิต Ṛta ให้เรา แม้ต่อผู้ยิ่งใหญ่ที่มุ่งรบ: ขออย่าให้มิตรภาพของเราหลวมคลาย; ขออย่าปลดสายใยสหายร่วมรบ.

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Word by Word

• ऋतेन: by/with ṛta (cosmic order, truth)
• ऋतेन: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत (प्रातिपदिक) / √ऋ (to go, to fit; semantic base of ṛta ‘cosmic order’)

• देवः: the god
• देवः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• सविता: Savitṛ
• सविता: कर्तृ (देवः सविता = apposition)
• Type: Noun (proper/theonym)
• Root: सवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• शमायत: brought peace / made well-being
• शमायत: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √शम् (to be calm/benefit; ‘to bring peace’)

• ऋतस्य: of ṛta
• ऋतस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत (प्रातिपदिक)

• शृङ्गम्: horn; peak; summit
• शृङ्गम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: शृङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)

• उर्विया: with broadness / widely
• उर्विया: करण
• Type: Noun/Adjective (f.)
• Root: उर्वी (प्रातिपदिक)

• वि: apart, forth, widely
• वि: (verb-modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• पप्रथे: has spread/expanded
• पप्रथे: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √प्रथ् (to spread, expand)

• ऋतम्: ṛta
• ऋतम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत (प्रातिपदिक)

• सासाह: has conquered / has prevailed
• सासाह: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सह् (to overcome, prevail)

• महि: greatly, mightily
• महि: (modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: महि (अव्यय; from मह्/महन् ‘great’)

• चित्: indeed, even
• चित्: (modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (अव्यय)

• पृतन्यतः: of the battling/contending one (enemy)
• पृतन्यतः: सम्बन्ध (genitive dependent on following pronoun/negation phrase)
• Type: Participle (adjectival)
• Root: पृतन्यत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; from √पृतन्/पृतन्य् ‘to fight, contend’)

• मा: do not
• मा: (prohibition marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध-अव्यय)

• नः: us / for us
• नः: सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (for us / of us; context ‘against us’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• वि: apart, asunder
• वि: (verb-modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• यौष्टम्: you two should not separate/unyoke (us)
• यौष्टम्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √युज्/√योज् (to yoke, join; Vedic caus./desid. nuance possible)

• सख्या: friendship, alliance
• सख्या: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: सख्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• मुमोचतम्: you two have released / let loose
• मुमोचतम्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मुच् (to release, let go)