Rig Veda 8.69.17: Mandala 8, Sukta 69, Mantra 17
Sukta 8.69
Devata: Indra (self-ruling lord approached by namasvins)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (explicitly referenced)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तं घेमित्था नमस्विन उप स्वराजमासते । अर्थं चिदस्य सुधितं यदेतव आवर्तयन्ति दावने ॥
Transliteration
táṁ ghém itthā́ namasvína úpa svárājam āsate | árthaṁ cid asya sudhítaṁ yád étave ā́vartayanti dā́vane ||
Translation
แท้จริงดังนี้ ผู้ที่นอบน้อมบูชาก็เข้าไปใกล้และนั่งร่วมกับพระผู้เป็นใหญ่ผู้ทรงเป็นกษัตริย์ด้วยตนเอง (สวราช). แม้เป้าหมายอันจัดวางไว้อย่างดีของพระองค์ก็ปรากฏชัด เมื่อเขาทั้งหลายหันพระองค์ไปสู่การเดินทาง ไปสู่การให้ทาน.
Word by Word
तम्him / that one
तम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
घindeed / surely
घ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootघ (निपात)
एमिI go / I approach
एमि:
कर्तृ (अहं) अप्रकट
TypeVerb
Rootइ (धातु)
इत्थाthus / in this manner
इत्था:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत्था (अव्यय)
नमस्विन्O reverent one / O worshipful (one)
नमस्विन्:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootनमस् + विन् (प्रातिपदिक: नमस्विन्)
उपnear / towards
उप:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
स्वराजम्the self-ruling one / sovereign
स्वराजम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootस्वराज् (प्रातिपदिक)
आसतेthey sit near / they attend upon
आसते:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Rootआस् (धातु) + आ (उपसर्ग) (उप-आस् → उपास्)
अर्थम्aim / purpose / meaning
अर्थम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
चित्even / indeed
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (निपात)
अस्यof him / of this one
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्/अदस्-प्रकार सर्वनाम (अस्य = ‘of him/this’)
सुधितम्well-set / well-ordered / well-conceived
सुधितम्:
कर्म (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective (Participle)
Rootसु + धित (कृदन्त; √धा/√धि ‘to set/put/think’ से)
यत्which / that
यत्:
कर्म/सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun/Relative
Rootयद् (संबन्ध/यत्-प्रत्यय सर्वनाम)
एतवःthe goers / those who come (approachers)
एतवः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootएतु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘going/approach’ अथवा ‘impulse/coming’)
आवर्तयन्तिthey turn back / they cause to return
आवर्तयन्ति:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Rootआ + वृत् (धातु) + णिच् (आवर्तयति)
दावनेfor giving / for bestowal
दावने:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun (action noun)
Rootदा (धातु) → दावन (कृदन्त/भाव-नाम)
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