Rig Veda 8.61.12: Mandala 8, Sukta 61, Mantra 12
Sukta 8.61
Devata: Indra (as the yoked battle-power and best charioteer)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उग्रं युयुज्म पृतनासु सासहिमृणकातिमदाभ्यम् । वेदा भृमं चित्सनिता रथीतमो वाजिनं यमिदू नशत् ॥
Transliteration
ugráṃ yuyujma pṛ́tanāsu sāsahím ṛṇá-kātim ádābhyam | védā bhṛmáṃ cít sánitā rathī́-tamo vā́jinaṃ yám íd ū́ṃ naśat ||
Translation
เราผูกเทียมพลังอันดุดันในท่ามกลางศึก—ผู้พิชิตผู้ไม่อาจพิชิตได้ ผู้ตัดหนี้อันผูกมัดให้ขาด เขารู้แม้ความสับสนที่หมุนวน แล้วก็ยังชนะ; ผู้ขับรถศึกผู้เลิศย่อมบรรลุความบริบูรณ์แห่งกำลัง ซึ่งแท้จริงมาถึงเขา
Word by Word
उग्रंfierce, mighty
उग्रं:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
युयुज्मyou yoked, you harnessed
युयुज्म:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootयुज् (धातु)
पृतनासुin battles
पृतनासु:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootपृतना (प्रातिपदिक)
सासहिम्conquering, overpowering
सासहिम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective (participial)
Rootसह् (धातु) → सासहि (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
ऋणकातिम्the cutting off of debt/obligation; debt-destroying (power)
ऋणकातिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋणकाति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘debt/obligation’ + ‘cutting off’ sense)
अदाभ्यम्unassailable, not to be deceived/overcome
अदाभ्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदभ् (धातु) + अ- (निषेध)
वेदाःhe knows
वेदाः:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (धातु)
भृमम्onset/impetuous rush; assault (sense: ‘charge, onset’)
भृमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभृम (प्रातिपदिक)
चित्even, indeed
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (अव्यय)
सनिताwinner, gainer
सनिता:
Kartā
TypeNoun (agent)
Rootसन्/सन् (धातु ‘to win, gain’) → सनितृ/सनिता (कृदन्त)
रथीतमःbest charioteer, most chariot-skilled
रथीतमः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootरथिन् (प्रातिपदिक) + तमप् (तम-प्रत्यय)
वाजिनम्the prize-winner; swift/strong one
वाजिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवाजिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
यम्whom
यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इदुjust, indeed
इदु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइदु (अव्यय; वैदिक)
नशत्reaches, attains
नशत्:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootनश् (धातु ‘to reach, attain’)
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