Rig Veda 8.4.13: Mandala 8, Sukta 4, Mantra 13
Sukta 8.4
Rishi: Kaṇva (Kaṇva lineage; Kaṇvāḥ)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
रथेष्ठायाध्वर्यवः सोममिन्द्राय सोतन । अधि ब्रध्नस्याद्रयो वि चक्षते सुन्वन्तो दाश्वध्वरम् ॥
Transliteration
ratheṣṭhā́yādhvaryavaḥ sómam índrāya sotana | ádhi bradhnásyā́drayo ví cakṣate sunvánto dā́śv-adhvaram ||
Translation
โอ อัธวรยุ (ปุโรหิตผู้ประกอบพิธี) ทั้งหลาย จงคั้นโสมะถวายแด่อินทระ ผู้ยืนมั่นบนทางรถศึก บนฐานอันส่องประกาย หินคั้นปรากฏว่ากำลังทำงาน; ผู้คั้นผู้ถวายยัญญะทำให้พิธีกรรมนี้ปรากฏแจ้ง
Word by Word
रथेष्ठायO chariot-standing (priests)
रथेष्ठाय:
सम्बोधन (address) / कर्तृ (with implied ‘you’)
TypeAdjective
Rootरथेष्ठा- (रथ + स्था > रथेष्ठा, ‘standing/being on the chariot’; prātipadika)
अध्वर्यवःO Adhvaryu priests
अध्वर्यवः:
सम्बोधन (address)
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वर्यु- (prātipadika)
सोमम्Soma
सोमम्:
कर्म (object of ‘press/prepare’)
TypeNoun
Rootसोम- (prātipadika)
इन्द्रायfor Indra
इन्द्राय:
सम्प्रदान (recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र- (prātipadika)
सोतनpress (it)!
सोतन:
क्रिया (imperative); कर्ता = यूयम् (अध्वर्यवः)
TypeVerb
Rootसु (धातु; ‘to press/express (Soma)’)
अधिupon, over
अधि:
अधिकरण/सम्बन्ध (upon/over)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधि (upasarga/avyaya)
ब्रध्नस्यof the bright/tawny one
ब्रध्नस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रध्न- (prātipadika; ‘tawny/bright one’, often of the Sun/Agni)
अद्रयःthe pressing-stones
अद्रयः:
कर्ता
TypeNoun
Rootअद्रि- (prātipadika; ‘stone’, esp. Soma-pressing stone)
विapart, forth, clearly
वि:
क्रियाविशेषण (distributive/intensive)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (upasarga/avyaya)
चक्षतेare seen / appear clearly
चक्षते:
क्रिया; कर्ता = अद्रयः
TypeVerb
Rootचक्ष् (धातु; ‘to see, appear, be seen’)
सुन्वन्तःpressing (Soma), the pressers
सुन्वन्तः:
कर्ता (co-referential with ritual agents)
TypeParticiple (Adjective/Noun)
Rootसु (धातु) → सुन्वन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त, शतृ)
दाश्वत्pious, offering
दाश्वत्:
कर्म-विशेषण
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootदाश् (धातु; ‘to give, offer, worship’) → दाश्वस्/दाश्वत् (परिपूर्ण/भूतकृदन्त-प्रायः)
अध्वरम्the sacrifice/ritual
अध्वरम्:
कर्म (object; ‘perform/serve the rite’ implied)
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वर- (prātipadika; ‘sacrifice/rite’)
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
Not sure where to start?
A free sign-in with Google or Apple keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.
