Rig Veda 8.38.3 — Mandala 8, Sukta 38, Mantra 3

Sukta 8.38

Rishi: Śyāvāśva Ātreya

Devata: Indrāgnī

Chandas: Gāyatrī

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

इदं वां मदिरं मध्वधुक्षन्नद्रिभिर्नरः । इन्द्राग्नी तस्य बोधतम् ॥

Transliteration

idáṃ vāṃ madiráṃ mádhv ádhukṣann ádribhir náraḥ | indrā́gnī tásya bodhatam ||

Translation

นี่คือ ‘มธุ’ (madhu) อันหอมหวานชวนเคลิบเคลิ้มสำหรับท่านทั้งสอง เหล่านรชนผู้แข็งแกร่งได้คั้นออกด้วยศิลาบดคั้น (adri). โอ อินทราและอัคนี จงตื่นรู้ต่อสิ่งนี้ (และเสวยโสมะ).

Word by Word

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karma (उपपद-रूपेण ‘मधु’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्) / Adhikaraṇa (संदर्भ-निर्देशः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वाम्: for you two / of you two
• वाम्: Sampradāna (युवयोः/तुभ्यां—‘for you two’) / सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of you two’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• मदिरम्: intoxicating, exhilarating
• मदिरम्: Karma (मधु इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मदिर (प्रातिपदिक)

• मधु: honey; sweet drink (Soma/Mead)
• मधु: Karma (अधुक्षन् इत्यस्य कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु (प्रातिपदिक)

• अधुक्षन्: they milked/drew out
• अधुक्षन्: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया); कर्म = मधु
• Type: Verb
• Root: दुह् (धातु) ‘to milk, to draw out’

• अद्रिभिः: with stones (Soma-pressing stones)
• अद्रिभिः: Karaṇa (करणम्—‘with pressing-stones’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अद्रि (प्रातिपदिक) ‘stone, pressing-stone’

• नरः: men (pressers/priests)
• नरः: Kartā (अधुक्षन् इत्यस्य कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्राग्नी: O Indra and Agni
• इन्द्राग्नी: Sambodhana (आह्वान)
• Type: Noun (Deity name)
• Root: इन्द्र + अग्नि (देवनाम-समास; द्वन्द्व)

• तस्य: of that; thereof
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of that/thereof’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• बोधतम्: be aware of; take notice (you two)
• बोधतम्: Kriyā (आज्ञार्थ); कर्ता = इन्द्राग्नी
• Type: Verb
• Root: बुध् (धातु) ‘to notice, awaken, understand’