Rig Veda 8.35.23: Mandala 8, Sukta 35, Mantra 23

Sukta 8.35

Rishi: Śyāvāśva

Devata: Aśvinau

Chandas: Probable Jagatī; requires verification

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

नमोवाके प्रस्थिते अध्वरे नरा विवक्षणस्य पीतये । आ यातमश्विना गतमवस्युर्वामहं हुवे धत्तं रत्नानि दाशुषे ॥

Transliteration

namovā́ke prá-sthite adhvaré narā vivákṣaṇasya pītáye | ā́ yātam aśvinā́ ā́ gátam avasyúr vā́m aháṃ huve dhattáṃ rátnāni dāśúṣe ||

Translation

ในพิธีบูชาที่เริ่มต้นด้วยถ้อยคำแห่งนมัสการ (namo-vāka) โอผู้กล้าทั้งสอง (narā) จงมาเพื่อการดื่มของวิวักษณะ (Vivakṣaṇa). จงมาเถิด โอ อัศวิน—จงมาถึง. ข้าพเจ้าผู้แสวงหาความช่วยให้รอด เรียกท่านทั้งสอง: จงประทานรัตนะ (ratna) คือขุมทรัพย์แห่งความรู้แจ้งแก่ผู้ให้ทาน.

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Word by Word

• नमोवाके: in/with reverent speech (a salutation-utterance)
• नमोवाके: Adhikaraṇa (context/occasion: ‘in/with reverent speech’)
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: नमस् + वाक

• प्रस्थिते: when begun / when set in motion
• प्रस्थिते: Adhikaraṇa (locative with अध्वरे) / Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: प्र-स्था (धातु √स्था) → प्रस्थित (PPP)

• अध्वरे: in the sacrifice/ritual
• अध्वरे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वर

• नरा: O two men/heroes (Aśvins)
• नरा: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: नर

• विवक्षणस्य: of the one who wishes to utter/speak forth (the singer)
• विवक्षणस्य: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (relation to पीतये)
• Type: Noun (abstract/agent noun)
• Root: वि-वक्ष (desiderative/intensive sense from √वच्/√वक्ष ‘to speak/utter’) → विवक्षण (prātipadika)

• पीतये: for drinking (of soma)
• पीतये: Sampradāna (purpose/for)
• Type: Noun (action noun)
• Root: पा (धातु √पा ‘to drink’) → पीति

• आ: hither, towards
• आ: —
• Type: Preverb/Indeclinable
• Root: आ

• यातम्: come (you two)!
• यातम्: (requested action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु √या ‘to go/come’)

• अश्विना: O Aśvins
• अश्विना: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: अश्विन्

• गतम्: come/go (you two)!
• गतम्: (requested action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु √गम् ‘to go/come’)

• अवस्युः: desiring aid/favor
• अवस्युः: Kartā (with अहम्: ‘I, desiring help…’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अवस् (noun ‘help/favor’) + यु (desiderative suffix) → अवस्यु

• वाम्: you two / of you two
• वाम्: Karma (object of हुवे) / Ṣaṣṭhī (depending on construal)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अहम्

• हुवे: I invoke/call
• हुवे: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: ह्वे (धातु √ह्वे/√हू ‘to call, invoke’)

• धत्तम्: bestow/put (you two)!
• धत्तम्: (requested action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (धातु √धा ‘to place, bestow’)

• रत्नानि: treasures, gifts
• रत्नानि: Karma (object of धत्तम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रत्न

• दाशुषे: to the worshipper/giver (the pious patron)
• दाशुषे: Sampradāna (recipient)
• Type: Noun/Participle (recipient epithet)
• Root: दाश्वांस् (from √दाश् ‘to give, worship, serve’) → दाशुष्