Rig Veda 8.20.13: Mandala 8, Sukta 20, Mantra 13
Sukta 8.20
Rishi: Sobharī Kāṇva (traditional attribution for RV 8.20, Kāṇva lineage)
Devata: Marutāḥ
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable for RV 8.20; verse-length and cadence align with common Marut hymns)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
येषामर्णो न सप्रथो नाम त्वेषं शश्वतामेकमिद्भुजे । वयो न पित्र्यं सहः ॥
Transliteration
yéṣām árṇo ná sa-práthो nā́ma tvéṣaṃ śáśvatām ékam íd bhujé | váyo ná pitryáṃ sáhaḥ ||
Translation
พลังของพวกเขาดุจสายน้ำหลากที่พองท่วม แผ่กว้างไพศาล; นามของเขาคือ ‘พลัง’ อันสว่างไสวไม่เสื่อมคลาย—มีเพียงหนึ่งเดียวที่ควรยึดกอดไว้. ฤทธานุภาพของเขาดุจพลังชีวิตที่สืบจากบรรพชน (vayas) ค้ำจุนไว้.
Word by Word
येषाम्of whom / whose
येषाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitival relation)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → य-
अर्णःflood, surge, wave
अर्णः:
कर्ता (as subject of implied ‘is/exists’)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
सप्रथःbroad-spreading, widely extended
सप्रथः:
विशेषण (of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootस-प्रथस् (प्रातिपदिक); प्रथस् < √प्रथ् (विस्तारे)
नामname
नाम:
सम्बन्ध/विशेष्य (appositional: ‘as to name’)
TypeNoun
Rootनामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
त्वेषम्fierce, impetuous, blazing
त्वेषम्:
विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वेष (प्रातिपदिक)
शश्वताम्of the perpetual/everlasting (ones)
शश्वताम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitival: ‘of the ever-lasting/continual ones’)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootशश्वत् (प्रातिपदिक)
एकम्one, single
एकम्:
विशेषण
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक)
इत्indeed, just
इत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत् (निपात; emphatic)
भुजेin the arm; on the arm
भुजे:
अधिकरण (locus)
TypeNoun
Rootभुज् (प्रातिपदिक/नामधातु-आधार: ‘arm’)
वयःvigor, strength; vital power
वयः:
कर्ता/कर्म (context-dependent; here as a compared term)
TypeNoun
Rootवयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
पित्र्यम्paternal, ancestral
पित्र्यम्:
विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootपितृय (प्रातिपदिक) < पितृ
सहःmight, force, power
सहः:
कर्ता/कर्म (appositional to ‘vigor/strength’)
TypeNoun
Rootसहस् (प्रातिपदिक)
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