Rig Veda 7.76.1: Mandala 7, Sukta 76, Mantra 1

Sukta 7.76

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha

Devata: Uṣas with Savitṛ/Viśvānara in supportive roles (composite dawn-cosmic illumination frame)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उदु ज्योतिरमृतं विश्वजन्यं विश्वानरः सविता देवो अश्रेत् । क्रत्वा देवानामजनिष्ट चक्षुराविरकर्भुवनं विश्वमुषाः ॥

Transliteration

úd u jyótiḥ amṛ́taṃ viśvá-janyaṃ viśvā́naraḥ savitā́ devó aśret | kratvā́ devā́nām ajaniṣṭa cákṣur āvír akar bhúvanaṃ víśvam uṣā́ḥ ||

Translation

แสงอมตะได้ผุดขึ้นแล้ว เกิดมาเพื่อสรรพชนทั้งปวง; เทพสวิตฤ (Savitṛ) ผู้เป็นวิศวานระ ได้แผ่ขยายมันออกไป. ด้วยเจตจำนงของเหล่าเทพ (krátu) ‘ดวงตา’ (cakṣus) จึงบังเกิด; อุษา (Uṣas) คือรุ่งอรุณ ได้ทำให้โลกทั้งมวลแห่งการเกิดดับปรากฏแจ้ง.

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Word by Word

• उद्: up, forth
• उद्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उद् (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• उ: indeed, verily
• उ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उ (निपात)

• ज्योतिः: light, radiance
• ज्योतिः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अमृतम्: immortal, deathless
• अमृतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अमृत (प्रातिपदिक)

• विश्वजन्यम्: belonging to all people/creatures; universal
• विश्वजन्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्वजन्य (प्रातिपदिक; विश्व + जन्य)

• विश्वानरः: Vaiśvānara (the All-men/Universal one; Agni-epithet)
• विश्वानरः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (proper/epithet)
• Root: विश्वानर (प्रातिपदिक)

• सविता: Savitar (the Impeller/Sun)
• सविता: Kartā (समनाधिकरणम् विश्वानरः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवः: the god
• देवः: Kartā (समनाधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• अश्रेत्: rose up/advanced; came forth (lit. ‘resorted/attained’)
• अश्रेत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रि (धातु; √श्रि ‘to lean on, rest on; to resort/attain’)

• क्रत्वा: by (his) will/power, by resolve
• क्रत्वा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रतु (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवानाम्: of the gods
• देवानाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• अजनिष्ट: was born; arose
• अजनिष्ट: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन् (धातु; √जन् ‘to be born, arise, produce’)

• चक्षुः: eye; sight
• चक्षुः: Kartā (समनाधिकरणम्/विधेय-नाम)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चक्षुस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• आविः: manifest, openly
• आविः: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आविस् (अव्यय)

• अकर्भुवन्: they made
• अकर्भुवन्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु; √कृ ‘to make, do’)

• भुवनम्: the world; the realm of beings
• भुवनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भुवन (प्रातिपदिक; from √भू)

• विश्वम्: all, entire
• विश्वम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• उषाः: Uṣas (Dawn)
• उषाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस् (प्रातिपदिक)