Rig Veda 7.33.12: Mandala 7, Sukta 33, Mantra 12

Sukta 7.33

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (about Vasiṣṭha)

Devata: Yama and Apsarases (ordering law and flowing inspiration)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

स प्रकेत उभयस्य प्रविद्वान्त्सहस्रदान उत वा सदानः । यमेन ततं परिधिं वयिष्यन्नप्सरसः परि जज्ञे वसिष्ठः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 7.33.12

Transliteration

sá pra-ketá ubháyasya pra-vidvā́n sahásra-dāna utá vā sádānaḥ | yaména tatáṁ pari-dhíṁ váyiṣyann apsárasaḥ pári jajñe vasiṣṭháḥ ||

Translation

เขาคือผู้รู้แจ้งอันสว่างไสว รู้ทั้งสองฝ่าย (ฟากนั้นและฟากนี้ ฟ้าและดิน ภายในและภายนอก); ผู้ประทานความอุดมพันประการ และผู้ทรงไว้เป็นนิตย์. ปรารถนาจะทอขอบเขตที่ยมะ (Yama) ขึงไว้ วสิษฐะจึงบังเกิด โอบล้อมเหล่าอัปสรา (Apsaras)—กระแสแรงบันดาลใจที่ไหลริน.

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Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रकेतः: the discerning one
• प्रकेतः: Kartā (विशेषणम्) / Kartṛ-viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: प्रकेत (प्र+केत ‘knowing/marking’)

• उभयस्य: of both (kinds/sides)
• उभयस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: उभय (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रविद्वान्: knowing well, fully aware
• प्रविद्वान्: Kartā (विशेषणम्) / Kartṛ-viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Participle/Adjective
• Root: विद् (धातु) → विद्वस् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) with प्र-

• सहस्रदानः: giver of a thousand (gifts)
• सहस्रदानः: Kartā (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (bahuvrīhi/tatpuruṣa sense)
• Root: सहस्र + दान (√दा ‘to give’)

• उत: and; also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (निपात)

• वा: or; indeed
• वा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (निपात)

• सदानः: having a seat/abode; seated (in the assembly)
• सदानः: Kartā (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सदान (प्रातिपदिक; ‘seat/abode/assembly’, RV usage)

• यमेन: with Yama
• यमेन: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: यम (प्रातिपदिक)

• ततम्: stretched, extended
• ततम्: Karma (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Participle (past passive)
• Root: √तन् (धातु) → ततम् (कृदन्त/भूतकृदन्त ‘stretched’)

• परिधिम्: enclosure, boundary (ritual circle)
• परिधिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिधि (प्रातिपदिक)

• वयिष्यन्: about to weave/construct
• वयिष्यन्: Kartā (सः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Participle (future/intentive)
• Root: √वे/वय् (धातु; ‘to weave, plait, arrange’) → भविष्यत्-कृदन्त (वयिष्यत्)

• अप्सरसः: from the Apsaras
• अप्सरसः: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्सरस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• परि: around; forth (as preverb)
• परि: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• जज्ञे: was born; came into being
• जज्ञे: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (धातु) with reduplication; perfect middle

• वसिष्ठः: Vasiṣṭha
• वसिष्ठः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: वसिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; proper name)