Rig Veda 7.21.2: Mandala 7, Sukta 21, Mantra 2

Sukta 7.21

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र यन्ति यज्ञं विपयन्ति बर्हिः सोममादो विदथे दुध्रवाचः । न्यु भ्रियन्ते यशसो गृभादा दूरउपब्दो वृषणो नृषाचः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 7.21.2

Transliteration

prá yanti yajñáṃ vipáyanti bárhiḥ sómamā́do vidáthe dudhrávācaḥ | ny ù bhriyante yaśáso gṛbhā́d ā́ dū́ra-upabdaḥ vṛ́ṣaṇo nṛṣā́caḥ ||

Translation

พวกเขาก้าวไปสู่ยัญญะ และแผ่ปูบัรหิษ (barhis) อันศักดิ์สิทธิ์. ในสภา (vidatha) ความรื่นรมย์แห่งโสมะถูกจัดเตรียมด้วยถ้อยคำอัญเชิญอันหนักแน่น. เกียรติยศทั้งหลายถูกหอบลงมาจากที่ยึดถือให้ปรากฏ; เสียงเรียกแผ่ไกล ไปสู่พลังดุจโคผู้ (วฤษภะ) ผู้เคลื่อนไหวท่ามกลางมนุษย์.

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• यन्ति: they go, they proceed
• यन्ति: (with implied subject) Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु)

• यज्ञम्: the sacrifice
• यज्ञम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• वि: apart, widely, distinctly
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (upasarga)

• पयन्ति: they drink/imbibe
• पयन्ति: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: पा (धातु) "to drink" (Vedic: also ‘to taste/imbibe, enjoy’)

• बर्हिः: the sacred grass (barhis)
• बर्हिः: Kartā (of an implied verb like ‘is spread/laid’ or as ritual subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बर्हिस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• सोमम्: Soma (the pressed drink)
• सोमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• आदः: eaters/consumers (i.e., drinkers)
• आदः: Kartā (with following plural predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आद (kṛdanta from √अद् ‘to eat’ / ‘to consume’)

• विदथे: in the rite/assembly (vidatha)
• विदथे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: विदथ (प्रातिपदिक)

• दुध्रवाचः: having swift/impetuous speech
• दुध्रवाचः: Kartā (agreeing with ‘आदः’ as a descriptive epithet)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुध्रु-वाच् (compound prātipadika)

• न्यु: down, in (emphatic)
• न्यु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (upasarga) + उ (particle; Vedic)

• भ्रियन्ते: they are borne/carried
• भ्रियन्ते: (with implied subject) Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: भृ (धातु)

• यशसः: glories, renown
• यशसः: Kartā (of ‘भ्रियन्ते’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यशस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• गृभादाः: givers of grasping/booty; bestowers who seize (epithet)
• गृभादाः: Kartā (apposition to ‘यशसः’ or to the carriers/agents)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: गृभा-द (compound; kṛdanta from √दा ‘to give’ with base ‘गृभा/गृभ’ ‘seizing, grasping’)

• दूर: far
• दूर: —
• Type: Adjective (used adverbially in compound)
• Root: दूर (प्रातिपदिक)

• उपब्दः: having a call/cry; sounding
• उपब्दः: Kartā (as epithet in apposition)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: उपब्द (प्रातिपदिक; from upa-√vad/√bad ‘sound, call’)

• वृषणः: the bull; the vigorous one
• वृषणः: Kartā (epithet)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• नृषाचः: dwelling among men; abiding with men
• नृषाचः: Kartā (epithet)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नृ-षाच् (compound prātipadika)