Rig Veda 4.58.5: Mandala 4, Sukta 58, Mantra 5
Sukta 4.58
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Ghṛta (as flowing luminous essence)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
एता अर्षन्ति हृद्यात्समुद्राच्छतव्रजा रिपुणा नावचक्षे । घृतस्य धारा अभि चाकशीमि हिरण्ययो वेतसो मध्य आसाम् ॥
Transliteration
etā́ arṣanti hṛ́dyāt samudrā́c chatá-vrajā ripúṇā náva-cakṣe | ghṛtásya dhā́rā abhí cākaśīmi hiraṇyáyo vetáso mádhya āsām ||
Translation
ธารเหล่านี้ไหลออกจาก “มหาสมุทรแห่งหฤทัย” เป็นร้อยทางเดิน ศัตรูผู้มุ่งร้ายมองไม่เห็น. ข้าพเจ้าแลเห็นกระแสแห่งฆฤตะ (ghṛta, เนยใส): กลางธารนั้นมีต้นอ้อสีทองตั้งอยู่.
Word by Word
एताःthese (fem. pl.)
एताः:
Kartā
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / एता- (स्त्री.)
अर्षन्तिthey flow / they rush
अर्षन्ति:
Kriyā (of kartā ‘एताः’)
TypeVerb
Rootऋष् (धातु) ‘to flow, move swiftly’
हृद्याःheart-pleasing, dear
हृद्याः:
Kartā (as qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootहृद्य (प्रातिपदिक) < हृद् ‘heart’
समुद्रात्from the ocean / from the sea
समुद्रात्:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootसमुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
शतव्रजाःhaving a hundred enclosures/paths (lit. ‘hundred-fold penned/going’)
शतव्रजाः:
Kartā (as qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootशत-व्रज (समास-प्रातिपदिक)
रिपुणाby/with the deceiver, enemy
रिपुणा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootरिपु (प्रातिपदिक)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
अवचक्षेI behold / I look upon
अवचक्षे:
Kriyā (speaker as kartā)
TypeVerb
Rootअव-चक्ष् (धातु) ‘to look at, behold’
घृतस्यof ghee / of clarified butter
घृतस्य:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootघृत (प्रातिपदिक)
धाराःstreams, flows
धाराः:
Karma (object of ‘अभि चाकशीमि’ as what is beheld)
TypeNoun
Rootधारा (प्रातिपदिक)
अभिtowards, upon
अभि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
चाकशीमिI see clearly / I behold
चाकशीमि:
Kriyā (speaker as kartā)
TypeVerb
Rootकश्/काक्ष् (धातु) ‘to see, appear’ (Vedic); reduplicated present
हिरण्ययःgolden
हिरण्ययः:
Kartā (of implied ‘अस्ति’ / apposition to ‘वेतसः’)
TypeAdjective
Rootहिरण्यय (प्रातिपदिक) < हिरण्य ‘gold’
वेतसःreed, cane (vetasa)
वेतसः:
Kartā (nominal subject; appositional description)
TypeNoun
Rootवेतस (प्रातिपदिक)
मध्येin the middle
मध्ये:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun (used adverbially)
Rootमध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
आसाम्of these (fem. pl.)
आसाम्:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) ‘this’
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